Question

1. how did rutherfords model of the atom differ most significantly from thomsons model? a) rutherford proposed that atoms were indivisible. b) rutherford placed the positive charge in a concentrated central region. c) thomsons model included neutrons in the nucleus. d) thomsons model suggested that electrons orbited a central nucleus. 9) consider the progression of atomic models. how did thomsons discovery of the electron build upon daltons earlier atomic theory? 10) explain how rutherfords findings from the gold foil experiment challenged and refined the understanding of atomic structure that was based on thomsons model.

Explanation:

1. Rutherford's model had a concentrated positive - charge nucleus, unlike Thomson's 'plum - pudding' model. Thomson's model didn't have a central nucleus with concentrated positive charge.
2. Dalton's theory considered atoms as indivisible. Thomson's discovery of electrons showed that atoms had sub - atomic particles, thus modifying Dalton's idea.
3. Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that most of the atom is empty space and there is a small, dense, positively - charged nucleus. This challenged Thomson's 'plum - pudding' model where positive and negative charges were evenly distributed.

Answer:

1. b) Rutherford placed the positive charge in a concentrated central region
2. Thomson's discovery of the electron showed that atoms were not indivisible as Dalton thought, but had sub - atomic particles.
3. Rutherford's findings showed that the atom had a small, dense, positively - charged nucleus and most of the atom was empty space, which was different from Thomson's model where charges were evenly distributed.