Question

1. reading check

what do scientists believe the universe looked like before the big bang?
a. an expanding cloud of gas
b. a tiny ball of matter
c. a vast, empty space
d. a fully formed galaxy

1. why do scientists call the big bang a \theory\?

a. because not all people believe in it
b. because it is an informed guess
c. because scientists are currently investigating it
d. because it is supported by strong evidence

1. which statement best describes the steady - state model?

a. the idea that the universe has always existed in its current form
b. the belief that the universe exists in a delicate balance
c. the fact that the universe is constantly changing
d. the discovery of other galaxies throughout the universe

1. which evidence for the big bang theory came from edwin hubbles observations? choose three.

a. everything in the universe is moving away from each other
b. all matter has taken the same amount of time to get where it is today
c. all matter is moving away from the same spot
d. any 2 objects are attracted to each other by gravity

Explanation:

Question 1

To determine what scientists believe the universe looked like before the Big Bang, we refer to cosmological theories. The Big Bang theory posits that before the Big Bang, the universe was a very dense and tiny ball of matter (a singularity). An expanding cloud of gas is not what it was before the Big Bang, a vast empty space is incorrect, and a fully formed galaxy is also incorrect as galaxies formed after the Big Bang.

In science, a "theory" is a well - substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of facts. The Big Bang is called a theory because it is supported by strong evidence (like cosmic microwave background radiation, Hubble's law etc.). It is not called a theory because not all people believe in it (scientific theories are not about popular belief), it is not just an informed guess (that's a hypothesis), and while scientists may still investigate aspects of it, the main reason it's a theory is the strong evidence.

The steady - state model of the universe proposes that the universe has always existed in more or less its current form, with matter being continuously created to maintain a constant density as the universe expands. The idea that the universe exists in a delicate balance is not the steady - state model, the fact that the universe is constantly changing is more in line with the Big Bang - related evolutionary view of the universe, and the discovery of other galaxies is not the steady - state model.

Answer:

b. A tiny ball of matter

Question 2