Question

in 1953, james watson and francis crick established the structure of dna (deoxyribose nucleic acid) using x-ray images rosalind franklin created. the shape of dna is a double helix, which is like a twisted ladder. each cell, whether plant or animal, has a complete set of dna in the form of chromosomes within the cell nucleus.

the rungs of the ladder are pairs of 4 types of nitrogen bases. the bases are known by their coded letters a, g, t, c. these bases always bond in a certain way. adenine will only bond to thymine. guanine will only bond with cytosine. this is known as the \base-pair rule\. the bases can occur in any order along a strand of dna. the order of these bases is the code that contains the instructions for building each and every part of you. for instance atgcacata would code for a different gene than aattacgga. a strand of dna contains millions of bases used to make everything from an ear, to hair, to the enzymes in your spit.

note that that the bases attach to the sides of the ladder at the sugars and not the phosphate.

the dna helix is actually made of repeating units/monomers called nucleotides. each nucleotide consists of three parts: a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate which links the sugars together, and then one of the four bases.

the two sides of the dna ladder are held together loosely by hydrogen bonds. the dna can actually \unzip\ when it needs to replicate - or make a copy of itself. dna needs to copy itself when a cell divides, so that the new cells each contain a copy of the dna. without these instructions, the new cells wouldnt have the correct information. the hydrogen bonds are represented by small circles.

1. write out the full name for dna.

_______________________________

1. where in the cell are chromosomes located?

_______________________________

1. what scientists established the structure of dna?

_______________________________

1. what is the shape of dna?

_______________________________

1. what are the sides of the dna ladder made of?

_______________________________

1. what are the

ungs\ of the dna ladder made of? _______________________________

1. what sugar is found in dna? _______________________

1. how do the bases bond together? a bonds with ___ g bonds with ___

1. dna is made of repeating monomers called _____________________________________

Explanation:

Question 1

From the text: "In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick established the structure of DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) using x - ray images...", so we can get the full name of DNA.

The text says: "Each cell, whether plant or animal, has a complete set of DNA in the form of chromosomes within the cell nucleus." So we can find the location of chromosomes.

According to the text: "In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick established the structure of DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) using x - ray images Rosalind Franklin created." We can get the scientists who established the structure of DNA.

Answer:

deoxyribose nucleic acid

Question 3