Question

1. describe modeling the difference between vicarious learning and vicarious reinforcement.
2. explain the idea of cognitive learning? why is conditioning alone, not the only explanation for our behavior?
3. sample question: learning that is not demonstrated at the time it occurs is called?

a. conceptualization learning
b. social learning
c. latent learning
d. insight learning
e. cognitive learning

1. explain the significance of albert bandura’s bobo doll experiment. what did he discover about children and observational learning?
2. explain bandura’s social learning theory
3. sample observational learning question: what did albert bandura’s bobo doll experiments demonstrate?

a. children are likely to imitate the behavior of adults
b. there may be a negative correlation between televised violence and aggressive behavior
c. children are more likely to copy what adults say than what adults do
d. allowing children to watch too much television is detrimental to their development

Explanation:

1. Vicarious learning involves observing others and learning from their actions and consequences. Vicarious reinforcement is the part of vicarious learning where observing the reinforcement (reward or punishment) of a model affects the observer's likelihood of repeating the behavior.
2. Cognitive learning emphasizes mental processes like thinking, memory, and problem - solving. Conditioning alone doesn't account for complex behaviors that involve understanding, planning, and insight.
3. Latent learning is learning that occurs but is not immediately demonstrated. For example, a rat may learn the layout of a maze without showing it until there is a reward incentive.
4. Bandura's Bobo Doll experiment showed that children are likely to imitate the aggressive behavior of adults they observe, demonstrating the power of observational learning.
5. Bandura's Social Learning Theory posits that learning occurs through observation, imitation, and modeling, and that cognitive factors play a role in this process.

For question 4:

• Conceptualization learning is not a standard term in this context.
• Social learning is broader and includes vicarious learning but not the specific concept of non - demonstrated learning at the time of occurrence.
• Latent learning is the correct answer as it refers to learning that is not shown immediately.
• Insight learning involves sudden understanding or solution to a problem and is not the same as non - demonstrated learning.
• Cognitive learning is a general term for learning involving mental processes and is not the specific term for non - demonstrated learning.

For question 7:

• Option a is correct as Bandura's Bobo Doll experiments demonstrated that children are likely to imitate the behavior of adults. The experiments focused on the imitation of aggressive behavior by children observing adult models.
• There is no evidence from the Bobo Doll experiments for a negative correlation between televised violence and aggressive behavior (option b).
• The experiments showed children are more likely to copy what adults do rather than just what they say (contrary to option c).
• The experiments did not focus on the impact of too much television on development (option d).

Answer:

1. c. Latent learning
2. a. Children are likely to imitate the behavior of adults