Question

passage 1
this brief essay by author and college professor charles augustus eggert was published in california in 1913 as part of the collection why i am opposed to socialism. original papers by leading men and women. socialism was a popular and controversial theory at that time, four years before the russian revolution. no government had yet tried to put the theory of socialism into practice.

why i am opposed to socialism
by charles augustus eggert

i am opposed to socialism, first, because it is not an inductively obtained system, but an \ism\ that postulates qualities in the individuality of a nation which no nation, or community even, has yet developed to a sufficiently high state to make this \ism\ fit to be seriously tried.

in passage 1, what effect does eggert achieve by numbering each point of his argument?

he conveys that many different arguments can be presented against socialism.

he orders each point to show the steps in a process that can be followed to defeat socialism.

he shows how each point against socialism is a logical result of the previous one.

he ranks his arguments against socialism in order of importance, from most to least important.

Explanation:

To determine the effect of numbering each point, we analyze each option:

• Option 1: The passage's excerpt (and context) shows Eggert is presenting his own arguments against socialism, not conveying many different arguments from others. So this is incorrect.
• Option 2: The points are arguments against socialism, not steps in a process to defeat it. There's no indication of a process here. Incorrect.
• Option 3: The excerpt's first point is a standalone argument about socialism not being inductively obtained. There's no logical chain where each point is a result of the previous. Incorrect.
• Option 4: By numbering, Eggert is likely ranking his arguments in order of importance (e.g., "first" implies a primary or most important argument, with subsequent points following in importance). This aligns with the structure of presenting key arguments in order of significance.

Answer:

D. He ranks his arguments against socialism in order of importance, from most to least important. (Note: Assuming the options are labeled A - D as is common, with the last option being D. If labels differ, adjust, but the content is the correct one.)