Question

when subjects or researchers think they know too much and change their behavior, this is an example of what?

• confirmation bias
• overconfidence
• the hawthorne effect

Explanation:

• Confirmation bias refers to seeking or interpreting information to confirm existing beliefs, not behavior change from perceived knowledge.
• Overconfidence is excessive faith in one's own judgments, not behavior alteration due to feeling overly informed in a research context.
• The Hawthorne Effect describes the phenomenon where research subjects (or researchers) modify their behavior because they are aware of being observed or believe they understand the study context, matching the question's description.

Answer:

the Hawthorne Effect