Question

a bowling ball and a tennis ball are both rolling at the same speed. which statement best explains why the bowling ball has more kinetic energy?
○ the bowling ball is moving faster
○ the bowling ball is larger in size
○ the bowling ball has greater mass
○ the bowling ball has more friction

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your answer

based on the data in the table, which of these could be the potential energy of car 2 at the top of the hill?

in a local competition, students race model cars that they built. the cars were held still at the top of a ramp and then released. each car’s velocity was measured at the bottom of the ramp to calculate each car’s kinetic energy.

model car trials

model car number	kinetic energy
2	13 joules
3	16 joules

○ 8 joules
○ 12 joules
○ 15 joules

Explanation:

First Question (Bowling Ball and Tennis Ball Kinetic Energy)

Kinetic energy formula is $KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$. Given same speed ($v$), KE depends on mass ($m$). Bowling ball has greater mass than tennis ball, so more KE. Other options: speed is same (so first wrong), size doesn't directly relate to KE (second wrong), friction isn't a direct factor in KE formula (fourth wrong).

Third Question (Model Car Potential Energy)

At the top of the ramp, potential energy (PE) converts to kinetic energy (KE) at the bottom (ignoring friction). So PE at top should be at least equal to KE at bottom (or more, but in ideal case, PE ≈ KE). Car 2 has KE of 13 joules, so PE should be ≥13. Among options, 15 joules is ≥13 (8 and 12 are less than 13, so incorrect).

Answer:

The bowling ball has greater mass