Question

cell part | plant (p) animal (a ) both (b) | function
--- | --- | ---
cytoskeleton | b | network of proteins that give \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ & strength to cell (like the human skeleton)
cytoplasm | b | fills space between the nucleus & cell membrane. - consists mostly of \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_. (liquid)
nucleus | b | \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ center of the cell - contains genetic info (dna) - membrane has pores to allow some molecule to pass in and out (selectively permeable)
nucleolus | | found in the \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_. ribosomes are made here.
endoplasmic reticulum (er) | | (er) = network of interconnected membranes (like a conveyer belt or a series of canals used for \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_) rough er- covered in ribosomes (\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ factories) smooth er- no ribosomes make lipids & breaks down \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_.
ribosome | | tiny organelle that produce \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_. - found on rough er or in cytoplasm
golgi apparatus | | modify, \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ and prepare proteins for export out of the cell. -proteins from er move to golgi for export.
mitochondria | | supply energy. “\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ house” “mighty-chondria”! - inner folds convert molecules from food to usable energy thru the process of cellular respiration (\\_\\_\\_\\_! )
vesicle | | small membrane bound sacs that transport materials throughout cell -ex. vesicles take proteins from er to golgi and then export proteins out of the cell.
vacuole | | fluid filled \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ (water, food molecules, enzymes, etc) - much larger in plants than animals
lysosome | | contain \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ to break down foreign material or damaged & worn out cell parts. (lysol...cleans and disinfects)
cell membrane | | protects cell- selectively permeable: allows some things in but not others (\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ keeper)
cell wall | | plants, fungi & bacteria- rigid layer that gives protection, \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ & shape
chloroplast | | carry out \\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_ turning solar energy into chemical energy (glucose- sugar)

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each cell part's function and fill in the blanks based on cell biology knowledge:

Cytoskeleton

Function: Network of proteins that give $\boldsymbol{\text{shape}}$ & strength to cell (like the human skeleton).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both plant and animal cells have cytoskeleton).

Cytoplasm

Function: Fills space between the nucleus & cell membrane. Consists mostly of $\boldsymbol{\text{cytosol}}$ (liquid).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have cytoplasm).

Nucleus

Function: $\boldsymbol{\text{Control}}$ center of the cell (contains DNA, regulates cell activities).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have a nucleus).

Nucleolus

Function: Found in the $\boldsymbol{\text{nucleus}}$. Ribosomes are made here.
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have a nucleolus in the nucleus).

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Function: Network of interconnected membranes used for $\boldsymbol{\text{transport}}$ (like a conveyor belt).

• Rough ER: covered in ribosomes ($\boldsymbol{\text{protein}}$ factories).
• Smooth ER: no ribosomes, makes lipids & breaks down $\boldsymbol{\text{toxins}}$.

Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have ER).

Ribosome

Function: Tiny organelle that produces $\boldsymbol{\text{proteins}}$. Found on Rough ER or in cytoplasm.
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have ribosomes).

Golgi Apparatus

Function: Modify, $\boldsymbol{\text{sort}}$, and prepare proteins for export out of the cell (processes proteins from ER).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have Golgi apparatus).

Mitochondria

Function: Supply energy. “$\boldsymbol{\text{Power}}$ House” (inner folds convert food to energy via $\boldsymbol{\text{Cellular Respiration}}$).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have mitochondria).

Vesicle

Function: Small membrane - bound sacs that transport materials throughout the cell (e.g., move proteins from ER to Golgi and for export).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have vesicles).

Vacuole

Function: Fluid - filled $\boldsymbol{\text{sac}}$ (stores water, food, enzymes; much larger in plants).
Plant/Animal/Both: P (plant cells have a large central vacuole; animal cells have small vacuoles, but the table likely marks P for the main vacuole structure).

Lysosome

Function: Contain $\boldsymbol{\text{enzymes}}$ to break down foreign material or damaged cell parts.
Plant/Animal/Both: A (more common in animal cells; plant cells have similar structures but less prominent, but often marked A).

Cell Membrane

Function: Protects cell - Selectively Permeable: Allows some things in but not others ($\boldsymbol{\text{gate}}$ keeper).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have a cell membrane).

Cell Wall

Function: Rigid layer (in plants, fungi, bacteria) that gives protection, $\boldsymbol{\text{support}}$, & shape.
Plant/Animal/Both: P (only plant cells have a cell wall among these two; fungi/bacteria are not animal/plant here).

Chloroplast

Function: Carry out $\boldsymbol{\text{photosynthesis}}$ (turns solar energy into chemical energy - glucose).
Plant/Animal/Both: P (only plant cells have chloroplasts).

Final Answers (Filled Blanks):

1. Cytoskeleton: B, shape
2. Cytoplasm: B, cytosol
3. Nucleus: B, Control
4. Nucleolus: B, nucleus
5. ER: B, transport; protein; toxins
6. Ribosome: B, proteins
7. Golgi Apparatus: B, sort
8. Mitochondria: B, Power; Cellular Respiration
9. Vesicle: B (function as above)
10. Vacuole: P, sac
11. Lysosome: A, enzymes
12. Cell Membrane: B, gate
13. Cell Wall: P, support
14. Chloroplast: P, photosynthesis

(Note: For the "Plant (P)/Animal (A)/Both (B)" column, the filled values are as analyzed for each cell part.)

Answer:

To solve this, we analyze each cell part's function and fill in the blanks based on cell biology knowledge:

Cytoskeleton

Function: Network of proteins that give $\boldsymbol{\text{shape}}$ & strength to cell (like the human skeleton).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both plant and animal cells have cytoskeleton).

Cytoplasm

Function: Fills space between the nucleus & cell membrane. Consists mostly of $\boldsymbol{\text{cytosol}}$ (liquid).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have cytoplasm).

Nucleus

Function: $\boldsymbol{\text{Control}}$ center of the cell (contains DNA, regulates cell activities).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have a nucleus).

Nucleolus

Function: Found in the $\boldsymbol{\text{nucleus}}$. Ribosomes are made here.
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have a nucleolus in the nucleus).

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Function: Network of interconnected membranes used for $\boldsymbol{\text{transport}}$ (like a conveyor belt).

• Rough ER: covered in ribosomes ($\boldsymbol{\text{protein}}$ factories).
• Smooth ER: no ribosomes, makes lipids & breaks down $\boldsymbol{\text{toxins}}$.

Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have ER).

Ribosome

Function: Tiny organelle that produces $\boldsymbol{\text{proteins}}$. Found on Rough ER or in cytoplasm.
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have ribosomes).

Golgi Apparatus

Function: Modify, $\boldsymbol{\text{sort}}$, and prepare proteins for export out of the cell (processes proteins from ER).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have Golgi apparatus).

Mitochondria

Function: Supply energy. “$\boldsymbol{\text{Power}}$ House” (inner folds convert food to energy via $\boldsymbol{\text{Cellular Respiration}}$).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have mitochondria).

Vesicle

Function: Small membrane - bound sacs that transport materials throughout the cell (e.g., move proteins from ER to Golgi and for export).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have vesicles).

Vacuole

Function: Fluid - filled $\boldsymbol{\text{sac}}$ (stores water, food, enzymes; much larger in plants).
Plant/Animal/Both: P (plant cells have a large central vacuole; animal cells have small vacuoles, but the table likely marks P for the main vacuole structure).

Lysosome

Function: Contain $\boldsymbol{\text{enzymes}}$ to break down foreign material or damaged cell parts.
Plant/Animal/Both: A (more common in animal cells; plant cells have similar structures but less prominent, but often marked A).

Cell Membrane

Function: Protects cell - Selectively Permeable: Allows some things in but not others ($\boldsymbol{\text{gate}}$ keeper).
Plant/Animal/Both: B (both have a cell membrane).

Cell Wall

Function: Rigid layer (in plants, fungi, bacteria) that gives protection, $\boldsymbol{\text{support}}$, & shape.
Plant/Animal/Both: P (only plant cells have a cell wall among these two; fungi/bacteria are not animal/plant here).

Chloroplast

Function: Carry out $\boldsymbol{\text{photosynthesis}}$ (turns solar energy into chemical energy - glucose).
Plant/Animal/Both: P (only plant cells have chloroplasts).

Final Answers (Filled Blanks):

1. Cytoskeleton: B, shape
2. Cytoplasm: B, cytosol
3. Nucleus: B, Control
4. Nucleolus: B, nucleus
5. ER: B, transport; protein; toxins
6. Ribosome: B, proteins
7. Golgi Apparatus: B, sort
8. Mitochondria: B, Power; Cellular Respiration
9. Vesicle: B (function as above)
10. Vacuole: P, sac
11. Lysosome: A, enzymes
12. Cell Membrane: B, gate
13. Cell Wall: P, support
14. Chloroplast: P, photosynthesis

(Note: For the "Plant (P)/Animal (A)/Both (B)" column, the filled values are as analyzed for each cell part.)