Question

multiple choice question
which type of transport proteins use energy from atp indirectly?

• aquaporins
• ion channels
• protein pumps
• coupled transport proteins

Explanation:

1. Analyze each option:

• Aquaporins: Facilitate water transport (passive, no ATP use).
• Ion channels: Allow ion movement down concentration gradient (passive, no ATP use).
• Protein pumps: Use ATP directly (e.g., Na⁺-K⁺ pump).
• Coupled transport proteins: Use energy from ion gradients (generated by ATP - using pumps) indirectly. They rely on the electrochemical gradient established by primary active transport (which uses ATP), so they use ATP indirectly.

Answer:

D. Coupled transport proteins