Question

which statement about the islamic golden age is a fact rather than an opinion? (1) islamic medicine was more advanced than chinese medicine. (2) poetry and literature were more important fields of study for muslims than was mathematics. (3) knowledge of astronomy was used by muslims to fulfill religious obligations. (4) islamic philosophies relied less on greek philosophical masters than on indian philosophical masters.

Explanation:

To determine a fact, we look for a statement that can be proven true with evidence, not based on personal judgment.

• Option (1) compares Islamic and Chinese medicine as "more advanced"—this is an opinion (subjective judgment of advancement).
• Option (2) claims poetry/literature were "more important" than mathematics—"importance" is a subjective opinion.
• Option (3): Muslims used astronomy (e.g., for calculating prayer times, lunar calendar for Ramadan) to fulfill religious obligations. This is a verifiable fact (can be supported by historical/religious practices).
• Option (4) compares reliance on Greek vs. Indian philosophical masters—"relied less" is a subjective comparison.

Answer:

(3) Knowledge of astronomy was used by Muslims to fulfill religious obligations.