21. are plants the only organisms that perform photosynthesis? explain.
22. complete the grid with the kingdom that each organism belongs to.
| organism | cactus | rose | kelp | spirulina |
| kingdom | | | | |
23. many of the organisms discussed in station 8 are in different kingdoms.
name two things that they all have in common.
(one is stated in the text, and one is not.)
24. describe algae.
25. describe cyanobacteria.

Question

21. are plants the only organisms that perform photosynthesis? explain.
22. complete the grid with the kingdom that each organism belongs to.
| organism | cactus | rose | kelp | spirulina |
| kingdom  |        |      |      |           |
23. many of the organisms discussed in station 8 are in different kingdoms.
name two things that they all have in common.
(one is stated in the text, and one is not.)
24. describe algae.
25. describe cyanobacteria.

Accepted Answer

### Question 21
# Brief Explanations:
Plants are not the only organisms that perform photosynthesis. Other organisms like cyanobacteria (a type of bacteria) and some protists (e.g., algae like kelp, euglena) also perform photosynthesis. Cyanobacteria have chlorophyll - like pigments to carry out photosynthesis, and algae contain chloroplasts (in eukaryotic algae) or have mechanisms (in prokaryotic algae - like cyanobacteria) to perform photosynthesis. These organisms use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, similar to plants.
# Answer:
No, plants are not the only organisms that perform photosynthesis. Organisms like cyanobacteria (bacteria) and algae (protists) also perform photosynthesis. Cyanobacteria have photosynthetic pigments, and algae (eukaryotic or prokaryotic - like cyanobacteria - related) can use light energy to convert $\ce{CO_2}$ and $\ce{H_2O}$ into glucose and $\ce{O_2}$, similar to plants.

### Question 22
# Brief Explanations:
- **Cactus**: Cactus is a plant, so it belongs to the Kingdom Plantae. Plants are multicellular, eukaryotic, and autotrophic (perform photosynthesis).
- **Rose**: Rose is also a plant, so it belongs to the Kingdom Plantae. It has all the characteristics of plants like having cell walls with cellulose, being autotrophic, etc.
- **Kelp**: Kelp is a type of brown algae. Algae are protists (in the Kingdom Protista). Kelp is a large, multicellular protist that is autotrophic (performs photosynthesis).
- **Spirulina**: Spirulina is a type of cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes and belong to the Kingdom Bacteria (or sometimes classified under Kingdom Monera in some classification systems, but modern classifications often place them in Bacteria).
# Answer:
| Organism | Kingdom       |
|----------|---------------|
| Cactus   | Plantae       |
| Rose     | Plantae       |
| Kelp     | Protista      |
| Spirulina| Bacteria (or Monera in some systems) |

### Question 23
# Brief Explanations:
From the text (assuming the text is about photosynthetic organisms or organisms in Station 8), one common thing could be that they are all autotrophic (perform photosynthesis, as stated in the text if the organisms are photosynthetic). Another common thing (not stated) could be that they are all composed of cells (all living organisms are made of cells, either prokaryotic or eukaryotic).
# Answer:
One thing they all have in common (stated in the text, assuming related to photosynthesis) is that they are autotrophic (perform photosynthesis). Another thing (not stated) is that they are all composed of cells (either prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells).

### Question 24
# Brief Explanations:
Algae are a diverse group of organisms. They can be unicellular (like Chlamydomonas) or multicellular (like kelp). Most algae are autotrophic, meaning they perform photosynthesis (they have chlorophyll or other photosynthetic pigments). They can be found in aquatic environments (freshwater, marine) or some moist terrestrial environments. Algae belong to the Kingdom Protista (eukaryotic algae) or some are prokaryotic (like cyanobacteria - related algae - but cyanobacteria are bacteria). They play important roles in aquatic food webs as producers and also in oxygen production.
# Answer:
Algae are a diverse group of organisms. They can be unicellular or multicellular, are mostly autotrophic (perform photosynthesis with pigments like chlorophyll), and are often found in aquatic (freshwater, marine) or moist environments. Eukaryotic algae belong to Kingdom Protista, while prokaryotic "algae" (like cyanobacteria) are bacteria. They act as producers in food webs and contribute to oxygen production.

### Question 25
# Brief Explanations:
Cyanobacteria (also called blue - green algae, though they are bacteria) are prokaryotic organisms. They are unicellular or form colonies. They have photosynthetic pigments (like chlorophyll - a and phycobilins) that allow them to perform photosynthesis, producing oxygen. They can be found in various environments like freshwater, marine, and even in soil. Some cyanobacteria can fix nitrogen (convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants), and they have a simple cell structure without a nucleus or membrane - bound organelles.
# Answer:
Cyanobacteria are prokaryotic organisms (bacteria). They are unicellular or colonial, perform oxygen - producing photosynthesis (with pigments like chlorophyll - a and phycobilins), and can be found in water (fresh, marine) or soil. Some fix nitrogen, and they lack a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles.

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