Question

1. define the term urbanization in your own words.
2. compare life before and after the industrial revolution.

Explanation:

Question 6

Urbanization refers to the process where an increasing proportion of a population lives in urban areas (cities and towns) instead of rural areas. It involves the growth of cities in terms of population, physical size, and economic activities, often accompanied by changes in social, economic, and environmental aspects as people move from rural to urban settings for jobs, better services, or other opportunities.

• Before the Industrial Revolution: Most people lived in rural areas, working in agriculture (subsistence farming, manual labor). Life was centered around family/community, with limited technology (manual tools), low productivity, and basic, local trade. Housing was simple, and social structures were traditional (e.g., feudal systems in some regions). Education was rare, and healthcare was basic.
• After the Industrial Revolution: Urbanization boomed as people moved to cities for factory jobs. Technology (machines, steam power, later electricity) transformed production, increasing efficiency and creating new industries. Social structures changed (rise of working class, middle class), with new forms of employment (wage labor). Housing became more dense (tenements in early stages), education and healthcare improved over time, and trade became global with mass production. Transportation (trains, later cars) and communication (telegraph, later phones) advanced, connecting people more widely.

Answer:

Urbanization is the process of a growing share of a population residing in urban (city/town) areas, involving city growth in population, size, and economic activity, with associated social, economic, and environmental changes as people shift from rural to urban life.

Question 7