Question

what is unique about the active site of an enzyme?
after an enzyme catalyzes a substrate what happens to it?
what 4 things happen to an enzyme if the temperature or ph are too high?

Explanation:

1. What is unique about the active site of an enzyme?

The active site of an enzyme is unique because it has a specific 3D shape (complementary to its substrate, following the lock - and - key or induced - fit model) and chemical properties (like specific amino acid residues) that allow it to bind to a particular substrate and catalyze a specific reaction.

Enzymes are biological catalysts. After catalyzing a substrate (converting it to product), the enzyme is not consumed or changed chemically. It is released and can then bind to and catalyze another molecule of the substrate.

When temperature or pH is too high: 1. The enzyme's 3D structure (including the active site) is disrupted (denaturation). 2. The active site loses its specific shape. 3. The enzyme loses its catalytic activity (since the substrate can no longer bind properly). 4. The enzyme may aggregate or precipitate (lose its solubility in some cases).

Answer:

The active site has a specific 3D shape (complementary to its substrate, via lock - key/induced - fit) and chemical properties to bind a specific substrate and catalyze a reaction.

2. After an enzyme catalyzes a substrate what happens to it?