Question

1. poverty is passed on from one generation to the next primarily through

a. the lack of available opportunities.
b. genetic conditions.
c. improper care of natural resources.
d. the lack of motivation to change.
e. illnesses spread by viruses.

1. proponents of sustainable development argue that

a. all development has environmental costs.
b. development is less important than the environment.
c. development can proceed with minimal costs to the environment.
d. the environment is less important than development.
e. development does not cause environmental damage.

Explanation:

Question 14

Poverty transmission between generations is mainly due to lack of opportunities (e.g., education, employment) limiting upward mobility. Genetic conditions (B), improper resource care (C), lack of motivation (D), or virus-spread illnesses (E) don't primarily drive intergenerational poverty.

Sustainable development advocates development with minimal environmental costs (balancing growth and conservation). Option A (all development has environmental costs) is too absolute. B (development less important than environment) misrepresents balance. D (environment less important than development) and E (development no environmental damage) contradict sustainable principles.

Answer:

A. the lack of available opportunities.

Question 15