Question

1. explain the difference between ratio and interval when discussing schedules of reinforcement. 2. reinforcement wants to (increase/decrease) a behavior, while punishments want to (increase/decrease) a behavior 3. explain the significance of edward thorndike’s puzzle box. what did he want to examine? how did he do this? what did he discover about operant conditioning (law of effect)? 5. schedules of reinforcement: fi, vi 1. are those where a response is specified number of response produces a high, steady rate only a brief pause after the 2. occur when a response is unpredictable number of creates a high steady rate 3. occur when a response is unpredictable amount of schedule produces a s 4. where the first resp specified amount of schedule causes hig end of the interval immediately after reinforcer

Explanation:

1. In schedules of reinforcement, ratio - based schedules are based on the number of responses. For example, a fixed - ratio (FR) schedule reinforces after a set number of responses, like FR - 5 means every 5th response is reinforced. Interval - based schedules are based on time. A fixed - interval (FI) schedule reinforces the first response after a set time period has passed.
2. Reinforcement aims to increase a behavior, while punishment aims to decrease a behavior.
3. Edward Thorndike's Puzzle Box was significant as he wanted to examine instrumental learning. He placed animals in the box and observed how they learned to escape (e.g., by pressing a lever) to get a reward. He discovered the Law of Effect, which states that behaviors that are followed by positive consequences (reinforcement) are more likely to be repeated, and behaviors followed by negative consequences (punishment) are less likely to be repeated.

Answer:

1. Ratio schedules are based on number of responses; interval schedules are based on time.
2. Increase; Decrease
3. Thorndike wanted to examine instrumental learning. He placed animals in the box and observed their behavior to escape for a reward. He discovered the Law of Effect.