51. draw a structural formula for each of the following: a. phenyl methyl ketone b. butanal c. butanone d…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall phenyl methyl ketone structure

Phenyl methyl ketone (acetophenone) has a benzene - ring attached to a carbonyl group which is further attached to a methyl group. The structural formula is $C_6H_5 - CO - CH_3$.

Step2: Recall butanal structure

Butanal is an aldehyde with 4 carbon atoms. The carbon - chain is $C - C - C - CHO$, and its structural formula is $CH_3CH_2CH_2CHO$.

Step3: Recall butanone structure

Butanone is a ketone with 4 carbon atoms. The carbon - chain has the carbonyl group on the second carbon atom, and its structural formula is $CH_3COCH_2CH_3$.

Step4: Recall dipropylketone structure

Dipropylketone has two propyl groups attached to the carbonyl carbon. The structural formula is $CH_3CH_2CH_2 - CO - CH_2CH_2CH_3$.

Step5: Recall 4 - heptanone structure

4 - heptanone is a 7 - carbon ketone with the carbonyl group on the 4th carbon atom. The structural formula is $CH_3CH_2CH_2 - CO - CH_2CH_2CH_3$.

Answer:

a. $C_6H_5 - CO - CH_3$ b. $CH_3CH_2CH_2CHO$ c. $CH_3COCH_2CH_3$ d. $CH_3CH_2CH_2 - CO - CH_2CH_2CH_3$ e. $CH_3CH_2CH_2 - CO - CH_2CH_2CH_3$