arrange the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character: lithium to fluorine, fluorine to…

arrange the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character: lithium to fluorine, fluorine to hydrogen, chlorine to fluorine, carbon to hydrogen. lithium to fluorine select fluorine to hydrogen select chlorine to fluorine select carbon to hydrogen select

arrange the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character: lithium to fluorine, fluorine to hydrogen, chlorine to fluorine, carbon to hydrogen. lithium to fluorine select fluorine to hydrogen select chlorine to fluorine select carbon to hydrogen select

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Recall ionic - character concept

Ionic character is determined by electronegativity difference ($\Delta\chi$) between two atoms in a bond. Higher $\Delta\chi$ means higher ionic character.

Step2: Find electronegativity values

Electronegativity values: $H = 2.1$, $C = 2.5$, $Cl=3.0$, $F = 4.0$, $Li = 1.0$.

Step3: Calculate $\Delta\chi$ for each bond

For $C - H$: $\Delta\chi=|2.5 - 2.1| = 0.4$. For $Cl - F$: $\Delta\chi=|3.0 - 4.0| = 1.0$. For $F - H$: $\Delta\chi=|4.0 - 2.1| = 1.9$. For $Li - F$: $\Delta\chi=|1.0 - 4.0| = 3.0$.

Step4: Arrange in increasing order

Based on the $\Delta\chi$ values, the order of increasing ionic character is $C - H<Cl - F<F - H<Li - F$.

Answer:

carbon to hydrogen, chlorine to fluorine, fluorine to hydrogen, lithium to fluorine