arrange the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character: potassium to oxygen, sodium to chlorine…

arrange the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character: potassium to oxygen, sodium to chlorine, bromine to hydrogen, nitrogen to chlorine. potassium to oxygen select sodium to chlorine select bromine to hydrogen select nitrogen to chlorine select

arrange the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character: potassium to oxygen, sodium to chlorine, bromine to hydrogen, nitrogen to chlorine. potassium to oxygen select sodium to chlorine select bromine to hydrogen select nitrogen to chlorine select

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Recall ionic - character concept

Ionic character is determined by the electronegativity difference ($\Delta\chi$) between the two atoms in a bond. The greater the $\Delta\chi$, the higher the ionic character.

Step2: Find electronegativity values

Electronegativity values from the Pauling scale: $K = 0.82$, $O=3.44$, $Na = 0.93$, $Cl = 3.16$, $Br = 2.96$, $H = 2.20$, $N = 3.04$, $Cl = 3.16$.

Step3: Calculate $\Delta\chi$ for each bond

  • For $K - O$: $\Delta\chi=3.44 - 0.82=2.62$.
  • For $Na - Cl$: $\Delta\chi=3.16 - 0.93 = 2.23$.
  • For $Br - H$: $\Delta\chi=2.96 - 2.20 = 0.76$.
  • For $N - Cl$: $\Delta\chi=3.16 - 3.04=0.12$.

Step4: Arrange in increasing order

Based on the $\Delta\chi$ values, the order of increasing ionic character is $N - Cl$, $Br - H$, $Na - Cl$, $K - O$.

Answer:

nitrogen to chlorine, bromine to hydrogen, sodium to chlorine, potassium to oxygen