based on the definition of logarithms, what is the difference in hydrogen ion concentration between a…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall pH formula

The formula for pH is $pH = -\log[H^+]$, where $[H^+]$ is the hydrogen - ion concentration. So, $[H^+]=10^{-pH}$.

Step2: Calculate $[H^+]$ for pH = 2

When $pH = 2$, $[H^+]_1=10^{-2}$.

Step3: Calculate $[H^+]$ for pH = 3

When $pH = 3$, $[H^+]_2=10^{-3}$.

Step4: Find the ratio of the two concentrations

$\frac{[H^+]_1}{[H^+]_2}=\frac{10^{-2}}{10^{-3}}$. Using the rule of exponents $\frac{a^m}{a^n}=a^{m - n}$, we have $\frac{10^{-2}}{10^{-3}}=10^{-2-(-3)} = 10^1 = 10$. So, a substance with a pH of 2 has a 10 times higher concentration of $H^+$ than a substance with a pH of 3.

Answer:

A. A substance with a pH of 2 has a 10 times higher concentration of $H^+$ than a substance with a pH of 3.