check your understanding\n1. name each of the following ionic compounds:\n(a) mgbr₂\n(b) khso₄\n(c)…

check your understanding\n1. name each of the following ionic compounds:\n(a) mgbr₂\n(b) khso₄\n(c) (nh₄)₃po₄\n(d) ca(oh)₂\n2. name each of the following molecular compounds:\n(a) cf₄\n(b) ph₃\n(c) p₄o₁₀\n(d) pcl₃\n(e) n₂f₄\n(f) o₂f₂\n3. copy the following list of compounds in your notebook. identify each compound as ionic or molecular. mark the binary compounds with an asterisk (*). name each compound using the appropriate method.\n(a) p₂o₅\n(b) caso₄\n(c) kno₃\n(d) mgi₂\n4. write the formula for each of the following compounds:\n(a) phosphorus pentachloride\n(b) sulfur hexafluoride\n(c) nitrogen trifluoride\n(d) silicon tetrafluoride\n(e) silver phosphate\n(f) manganese(ii) dichromate\n(g) sodium perchlorate\n(h) cobalt(ii) permanganate

check your understanding\n1. name each of the following ionic compounds:\n(a) mgbr₂\n(b) khso₄\n(c) (nh₄)₃po₄\n(d) ca(oh)₂\n2. name each of the following molecular compounds:\n(a) cf₄\n(b) ph₃\n(c) p₄o₁₀\n(d) pcl₃\n(e) n₂f₄\n(f) o₂f₂\n3. copy the following list of compounds in your notebook. identify each compound as ionic or molecular. mark the binary compounds with an asterisk (*). name each compound using the appropriate method.\n(a) p₂o₅\n(b) caso₄\n(c) kno₃\n(d) mgi₂\n4. write the formula for each of the following compounds:\n(a) phosphorus pentachloride\n(b) sulfur hexafluoride\n(c) nitrogen trifluoride\n(d) silicon tetrafluoride\n(e) silver phosphate\n(f) manganese(ii) dichromate\n(g) sodium perchlorate\n(h) cobalt(ii) permanganate

Answer

1. Naming ionic compounds

Explanation:

Step1: Identify cation and anion for $MgBr_2$

Magnesium is the cation ($Mg^{2 + }$) and bromide is the anion ($Br^{-}$).

Step2: Name the compound

The name is magnesium bromide.

Step3: Identify cation and anion for $KHSO_4$

Potassium is the cation ($K^{+}$) and hydrogen sulfate is the anion ($HSO_4^{-}$).

Step4: Name the compound

The name is potassium hydrogen - sulfate.

Step5: Identify cation and anion for $(NH_4)_3PO_4$

Ammonium is the cation ($NH_4^{+}$) and phosphate is the anion ($PO_4^{3 - }$).

Step6: Name the compound

The name is ammonium phosphate.

Step7: Identify cation and anion for $Ca(OH)_2$

Calcium is the cation ($Ca^{2+}$) and hydroxide is the anion ($OH^{-}$).

Step8: Name the compound

The name is calcium hydroxide.

2. Naming molecular compounds

Explanation:

Step1: For $CF_4$

Carbon is the first element and fluorine is the second. Use prefixes.

Step2: Name the compound

The name is carbon tetrafluoride.

Step3: For $PH_3$

Phosphorus is the first element and hydrogen is the second.

Step4: Name the compound

The name is phosphine.

Step5: For $P_4O_{10}$

Prefix for 4 is tetra - and for 10 is deca-.

Step6: Name the compound

The name is tetraphosphorus decoxide.

Step7: For $PCl_3$

Prefix for 3 is tri-.

Step8: Name the compound

The name is phosphorus trichloride.

Step9: For $N_2F_4$

Prefix for 2 is di - and for 4 is tetra-.

Step10: Name the compound

The name is dinitrogen tetrafluoride.

Step11: For $O_2F_2$

Prefix for 2 is di - for both elements.

Step12: Name the compound

The name is dioxygen difluoride.

3. Classifying and naming compounds

Explanation:

Step1: For $P_2O_5$

It is a molecular compound (non - metal + non - metal). It is a binary compound (*). Name: diphosphorus pentoxide.

Step2: For $CaSO_4$

It is an ionic compound (metal + polyatomic anion). Name: calcium sulfate.

Step3: For $KNO_3$

It is an ionic compound (metal + polyatomic anion). Name: potassium nitrate.

Step4: For $MgI_2$

It is an ionic compound (metal + non - metal). It is a binary compound (*). Name: magnesium iodide.

4. Writing formulas for compounds

Explanation:

Step1: For phosphorus pentachloride

Phosphorus is $P$ and pentachloride means 5 chlorine atoms. The formula is $PCl_5$.

Step2: For sulfur hexafluoride

Sulfur is $S$ and hexafluoride means 6 fluorine atoms. The formula is $SF_6$.

Step3: For nitrogen trifluoride

Nitrogen is $N$ and trifluoride means 3 fluorine atoms. The formula is $NF_3$.

Step4: For silicon tetrafluoride

Silicon is $Si$ and tetrafluoride means 4 fluorine atoms. The formula is $SiF_4$.

Step5: For silver phosphate

Silver has a $+ 1$ charge ($Ag^{+}$) and phosphate is $PO_4^{3 - }$. The formula is $Ag_3PO_4$.

Step6: For manganese(II) dichromate

Manganese has a $+ 2$ charge ($Mn^{2+}$) and dichromate is $Cr_2O_7^{2 - }$. The formula is $MnCr_2O_7$.

Step7: For sodium perchlorate

Sodium is $Na^{+}$ and perchlorate is $ClO_4^{-}$. The formula is $NaClO_4$.

Step8: For cobalt(II) permanganate

Cobalt has a $+ 2$ charge ($Co^{2+}$) and permanganate is $MnO_4^{-}$. The formula is $Co(MnO_4)_2$.

Answer:

  1. (a) Magnesium bromide; (b) Potassium hydrogen - sulfate; (c) Ammonium phosphate; (d) Calcium hydroxide
  2. (a) Carbon tetrafluoride; (b) Phosphine; (c) Tetraphosphorus decoxide; (d) Phosphorus trichloride; (e) Dinitrogen tetrafluoride; (f) Dioxygen difluoride
  3. (a) Molecular, *Diphosphorus pentoxide; (b) Ionic, Calcium sulfate; (c) Ionic, Potassium nitrate; (d) Ionic, *Magnesium iodide
  4. (a) $PCl_5$; (b) $SF_6$; (c) $NF_3$; (d) $SiF_4$; (e) $Ag_3PO_4$; (f) $MnCr_2O_7$; (g) $NaClO_4$; (h) $Co(MnO_4)_2$