chemistry: exam 3 test review\n1. what is the name of the group of elements that are the most unreactive and…

chemistry: exam 3 test review\n1. what is the name of the group of elements that are the most unreactive and least likely to form a compound?\n2. what is the name of the group of elements that are the most reactive and most likely to form a compound?\n3. what do the elements in a row have in common?\n4. what is the definition of a valence electron?\n5. which elements have similar chemical properties? those in a group or in a period?\n6. how many valence electrons does each of the following groups have? (hint: the number of valence electrons is equal to the atoms main group number)\n1____ 2____ 13____ 14____ 15____ 16____ 17____ 18____\n7. what is the definition of electronegativity?\n8. what happens to the atomic radii?\na) as you go across the period:________\nb) as you go down the group: ________\ndraw the arrows on the periodic table→\n9. what happens to the ionization energy?\na) as you go across the period ________\nb) as you go down the group ________\ndraw the arrows→\n10. what happens to electronegativity?\na) as you go across the period ________\nb) as you go down the group ________\ndraw the arrows→

chemistry: exam 3 test review\n1. what is the name of the group of elements that are the most unreactive and least likely to form a compound?\n2. what is the name of the group of elements that are the most reactive and most likely to form a compound?\n3. what do the elements in a row have in common?\n4. what is the definition of a valence electron?\n5. which elements have similar chemical properties? those in a group or in a period?\n6. how many valence electrons does each of the following groups have? (hint: the number of valence electrons is equal to the atoms main group number)\n1____ 2____ 13____ 14____ 15____ 16____ 17____ 18____\n7. what is the definition of electronegativity?\n8. what happens to the atomic radii?\na) as you go across the period:________\nb) as you go down the group: ________\ndraw the arrows on the periodic table→\n9. what happens to the ionization energy?\na) as you go across the period ________\nb) as you go down the group ________\ndraw the arrows→\n10. what happens to electronegativity?\na) as you go across the period ________\nb) as you go down the group ________\ndraw the arrows→

Answer

Brief Explanations:

  1. Noble gases have full - valence shells, making them unreactive.
  2. Alkali metals (metals) and halogens (non - metals) are highly reactive. Metals lose electrons and non - metals gain electrons to form compounds.
  3. Elements in a row (period) have the same number of electron shells.
  4. A valence electron is an electron in the outermost shell of an atom that participates in chemical bonding.
  5. Elements in a group have similar chemical properties as they have the same number of valence electrons.
  6. The number of valence electrons for groups 1 - 18 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 respectively.
  7. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
  8. a) Atomic radii decrease across a period due to increasing nuclear charge. b) Atomic radii increase down a group due to addition of electron shells.
  9. a) Ionization energy increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge and decreasing atomic radius. b) Ionization energy decreases down a group due to increased atomic size and shielding effect.
  10. a) Electronegativity increases across a period as the atom's ability to attract electrons increases. b) Electronegativity decreases down a group due to increased atomic size and shielding.

Answer:

  1. Noble gases
  2. Alkali metals (metals) and halogens (non - metals)
  3. Same number of electron shells
  4. An electron in the outermost shell of an atom that participates in chemical bonding
  5. Elements in a group
  6. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
  7. The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond
  8. a) Decrease b) Increase
  9. a) Increase b) Decrease
  10. a) Increase b) Decrease