complete the following table with the appropriate data for each isotope given (all are neutral atoms)…
complete the following table with the appropriate data for each isotope given (all are neutral atoms): element symbol atomic number mass number number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons chlorine ³⁶cl 17 36 17 19 17 gold au 79 197 197 79 118 79 iron fe 26 56 26 30 79
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Recall atomic - related concepts
For a neutral atom, the atomic number ($Z$) is equal to the number of protons and the number of electrons. The mass number ($A$) is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons, i.e., $A =$ number of protons+number of neutrons.
Step2: Analyze the fourth row
Given number of neutrons = 20 and number of electrons = 18. Since number of electrons = number of protons for a neutral atom, number of protons = 18. The atomic number of the element with 18 protons is argon, symbol $Ar$. The mass number $A=$ number of protons + number of neutrons = 18 + 20=38.
Step3: Analyze the fifth row
Given mass number $A = 58$ and number of protons = 28. The element with 28 protons is nickel, symbol $Ni$. The number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = 58 - 28 = 30. Since it is a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, so number of electrons = 28.
Answer:
| Element | Symbol | Atomic number | Mass number | Number of protons | Number of neutrons | Number of electrons |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chlorine | $^{36}Cl$ | 17 | 36 | 17 | 19 | 17 |
| Gold | $Au$ | 79 | 197 | 79 | 118 | 79 |
| iron | $Fe$ | 26 | 56 | 26 | 30 | 26 |
| argon | $Ar$ | 18 | 38 | 18 | 20 | 18 |
| nickel | $Ni$ | 28 | 58 | 28 | 30 | 28 |