8. a cup of coffee has sugar accumulated at the bottom of the cup. will adding more sugar make the coffee…

8. a cup of coffee has sugar accumulated at the bottom of the cup. will adding more sugar make the coffee sweeter? is it possible to make the coffee taste sweeter without adding more sugar?\n9. based on your knowledge of solubility, make a prediction on how global warming will affect ocean life.\n10. when a saturated solution of salt is filtered, the residue is collected and removed. the filtrate is allowed to sit and evaporate, and a white residue forms at the bottom of the flask.\noriginal mixture (saturated salt solution)\nfiltered residue nacl(s)\nfunnel with filter paper\ntime passes and water evaporates\nfiltrate\nwhite residue\nexplain the chemical principles behind this observation.

8. a cup of coffee has sugar accumulated at the bottom of the cup. will adding more sugar make the coffee sweeter? is it possible to make the coffee taste sweeter without adding more sugar?\n9. based on your knowledge of solubility, make a prediction on how global warming will affect ocean life.\n10. when a saturated solution of salt is filtered, the residue is collected and removed. the filtrate is allowed to sit and evaporate, and a white residue forms at the bottom of the flask.\noriginal mixture (saturated salt solution)\nfiltered residue nacl(s)\nfunnel with filter paper\ntime passes and water evaporates\nfiltrate\nwhite residue\nexplain the chemical principles behind this observation.

Answer

Explanation:

Question 8

Step1: Understand solubility concept

The sugar at the bottom means the solution is saturated or nearly so at current conditions. Adding more sugar won't dissolve if already saturated, so won't make it sweeter immediately. But stirring or heating can increase solubility and dissolve more sugar, making it sweeter. Without adding sugar, stirring to dissolve undissolved sugar or heating to increase solubility can make it sweeter.

Question 9

Step1: Recall gas - solubility relationship with temperature

The solubility of gases in liquids decreases with increasing temperature. As global warming raises ocean temperatures, the solubility of oxygen in seawater will decrease. This can lead to oxygen - depleted zones, harming marine organisms that rely on dissolved oxygen for respiration. Also, changes in solubility of carbon - dioxide can affect ocean acidification, which in turn impacts shell - building organisms like corals and mollusks.

Question 10

Step1: Analyze saturated solution properties

A saturated salt solution contains the maximum amount of salt that can dissolve in the solvent (water) at a given temperature. When filtered, the undissolved salt (residue) is removed. The filtrate is still a saturated solution. As water evaporates, the amount of solvent decreases. Since the solution is saturated, the excess salt that can no longer be held in solution precipitates out, forming the white residue. This is based on the principle of solubility and the relationship between solute, solvent, and saturation point.

Answer:

  1. Adding more sugar may not make it sweeter immediately if already saturated; can make it sweeter without adding more sugar by stirring to dissolve undissolved sugar or heating to increase solubility.
  2. Global warming will decrease oxygen solubility in oceans, potentially creating oxygen - depleted zones and harm marine life, and changes in carbon - dioxide solubility can affect ocean acidification and shell - building organisms.
  3. The filtrate is a saturated salt solution. As water evaporates, the amount of solvent decreases, and the excess salt precipitates out as a white residue due to the solution's saturation and the change in the solute - solvent relationship.