determine the acid, base, conjugate acid, and...
determine the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in the following reaction.\nhno₃ + h₂o ⇌ h₃o⁺ + no₃⁻\nacid\nconjugate acid\nbase\nconjugate base
Answer
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall Bronsted - Lowry acid - base theory
In Bronsted - Lowry theory, an acid donates a proton (\(H^{+}\)), and a base accepts a proton.
## Step2: Analyze \(HNO_{3}\)
\(HNO_{3}\) donates a proton (\(H^{+}\)) to \(H_{2}O\). So, \(HNO_{3}\) is the acid.
## Step3: Analyze \(H_{2}O\)
\(H_{2}O\) accepts a proton (\(H^{+}\)) from \(HNO_{3}\). So, \(H_{2}O\) is the base.
## Step4: Determine conjugate acid
When \(H_{2}O\) accepts a proton (\(H^{+}\)), it forms \(H_{3}O^{+}\). So, \(H_{3}O^{+}\) is the conjugate acid.
## Step5: Determine conjugate base
When \(HNO_{3}\) donates a proton (\(H^{+}\)), it forms \(NO_{3}^{-}\). So, \(NO_{3}^{-}\) is the conjugate base.
# Answer:
Acid: \(HNO_{3}\)
Conjugate Acid: \(H_{3}O^{+}\)
Base: \(H_{2}O\)
Conjugate Base: \(NO_{3}^{-}\)