the diagram shows the electron configuration around the chlorine nucleus. chlorine has 17 protons. which of…

the diagram shows the electron configuration around the chlorine nucleus. chlorine has 17 protons. which of the following correctly completes the statement? chlorine has ___ valence electrons, and the effective nuclear charge, z_eff, for the chlorine atom shown is ___. 7, 7- 7, 7+ 10, 7- 17, 7+

the diagram shows the electron configuration around the chlorine nucleus. chlorine has 17 protons. which of the following correctly completes the statement? chlorine has ___ valence electrons, and the effective nuclear charge, z_eff, for the chlorine atom shown is ___. 7, 7- 7, 7+ 10, 7- 17, 7+

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Valence electrons are in the out - most shell. Chlorine has electron configuration 2, 8, 7. So it has 7 valence electrons.

Step2: Calculate effective nuclear charge

The formula for effective nuclear charge $Z_{eff}=Z - S$, where $Z$ is the atomic number (number of protons, $Z = 17$ for chlorine) and $S$ is the shielding constant. For the outermost electrons in chlorine, the inner electrons shield. There are 10 inner electrons. So $S = 10$, and $Z_{eff}=17 - 10=7$. The effective nuclear charge is a positive value as it represents the net positive charge attracting the outermost electrons. So $Z_{eff}=7+$.

Answer:

7, 7+