explain how a small amount of chlorofluorocarbons can destroy a large amount of ozone.

Answer:

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) can catalytically destroy ozone. When CFCs reach the stratosphere, they are broken down by ultraviolet radiation, releasing chlorine atoms. Each chlorine atom can catalytically destroy many ozone molecules in a chain - reaction process. For example, a chlorine atom (Cl) can react with an ozone molecule ($O_3$) to form chlorine monoxide (ClO) and an oxygen molecule ($O_2$). Then, ClO can react with an oxygen atom (O) to regenerate the chlorine atom and form another $O_2$. The regenerated chlorine atom can then go on to destroy more ozone molecules. So, a single chlorine atom from a CFC can destroy thousands of ozone molecules.

Brief Explanations:

CFCs release catalytic chlorine in stratosphere. Chlorine starts chain - reactions to break down ozone.