garnets are a class of minerals which exist in many colors. theyre often used as gemstones. one type of…
garnets are a class of minerals which exist in many colors. theyre often used as gemstones. one type of garnet, grossular, has the formula ca₃al₂(sio₄)₃. orange crystals of grossular garnet. grossular is composed of calcium ions (ca²⁺), aluminum ions (al³⁺), and orthosilicate ions (sio₄⁴⁻) bonded together. for each pair of atoms or ions, identify whether they are covalently or ionically bonded in grossular garnet. pair of atoms/ions type of bond ca²⁺ and sio₄⁴⁻ al³⁺ and sio₄⁴⁻ si and o image credit
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Recall bond - type rules
Ionic bonds form between metals and non - metals or polyatomic ions, and covalent bonds form between non - metals.
Step2: Analyze $Ca^{2 + }$ and $SiO_{4}^{4 - }$
Calcium ($Ca$) is a metal and $SiO_{4}^{4 - }$ is a polyatomic anion. So, the bond between $Ca^{2 + }$ and $SiO_{4}^{4 - }$ is ionic.
Step3: Analyze $Al^{3+}$ and $SiO_{4}^{4 - }$
Aluminum ($Al$) is a metal and $SiO_{4}^{4 - }$ is a polyatomic anion. So, the bond between $Al^{3+}$ and $SiO_{4}^{4 - }$ is ionic.
Step4: Analyze $Si$ and $O$
Silicon ($Si$) and oxygen ($O$) are non - metals. So, the bond between $Si$ and $O$ is covalent.
Answer:
$Ca^{2 + }$ and $SiO_{4}^{4 - }$: Ionic $Al^{3+}$ and $SiO_{4}^{4 - }$: Ionic $Si$ and $O$: Covalent