inorganic nomenclature ~ naming inorganic compounds\nevery compound has its own chemical formula and its own…

inorganic nomenclature ~ naming inorganic compounds\nevery compound has its own chemical formula and its own name. the nomenclature (naming systems) for ionic and covalent compounds are different.\nionic compounds:\nthese consist of any positive ion (except h⁺) combined with any negative ion. (if h⁺ is the positive ion, the compound is an acid, as we will see later on page 6.)\nthe positive ion (cation) may be a metal ion (such as na⁺) or a polyatomic ion (such as nh₄⁺)\nthe negative ion (anion) may be a non - metal ion (such as cl⁻) or a polyatomic ion (such as so₄²⁻ or no₃⁻)\nwhen writing formulas for ionic compounds, the net charge of the formula unit must be zero.\nex: ca⁺² and cl⁻¹\n2 cl⁻¹ and 1 ca⁺² together have a net charge of zero\nso the formula is cacl₂\ncase 1. ionic compounds: representative metal + non - metal\nexamples: kbr potassium bromide alcl₃ aluminum chloride li₃n lithium nitride\nnote 1: metal is always first (name unchanged), non - metal second (the ending of the non - metal is dropped, and the - ide ending is added).\nnote 2: the name does not indicate how many of each are in the formula unit..\nexercise: write formulas for the following cations:\nbarium ion _____ aluminum ion _____ potassium ion _____ radium ion _____ \nexercise: write formulas for the following anions:\nbromide _____ nitride _____ iodide _____ oxide _____ sulfide _____ \nexercise: name the following:\nnaf ____________________\nmgs ____________________\nsri₂ ____________________\nca₃n₂ ____________________\nk₂o ____________________\nal₂o₃ ____________________\nba₃n₂ ____________________\nna₃p ____________________\nexercise: give formulas for the following compounds (refer to periodic table only).\ncesium phosphide __________ calcium iodide __________ barium fluoride __________\nmagnesium nitride __________ aluminum bromide __________ sodium selenide __________

inorganic nomenclature ~ naming inorganic compounds\nevery compound has its own chemical formula and its own name. the nomenclature (naming systems) for ionic and covalent compounds are different.\nionic compounds:\nthese consist of any positive ion (except h⁺) combined with any negative ion. (if h⁺ is the positive ion, the compound is an acid, as we will see later on page 6.)\nthe positive ion (cation) may be a metal ion (such as na⁺) or a polyatomic ion (such as nh₄⁺)\nthe negative ion (anion) may be a non - metal ion (such as cl⁻) or a polyatomic ion (such as so₄²⁻ or no₃⁻)\nwhen writing formulas for ionic compounds, the net charge of the formula unit must be zero.\nex: ca⁺² and cl⁻¹\n2 cl⁻¹ and 1 ca⁺² together have a net charge of zero\nso the formula is cacl₂\ncase 1. ionic compounds: representative metal + non - metal\nexamples: kbr potassium bromide alcl₃ aluminum chloride li₃n lithium nitride\nnote 1: metal is always first (name unchanged), non - metal second (the ending of the non - metal is dropped, and the - ide ending is added).\nnote 2: the name does not indicate how many of each are in the formula unit..\nexercise: write formulas for the following cations:\nbarium ion _____ aluminum ion _____ potassium ion _____ radium ion _____ \nexercise: write formulas for the following anions:\nbromide _____ nitride _____ iodide _____ oxide _____ sulfide _____ \nexercise: name the following:\nnaf ____________________\nmgs ____________________\nsri₂ ____________________\nca₃n₂ ____________________\nk₂o ____________________\nal₂o₃ ____________________\nba₃n₂ ____________________\nna₃p ____________________\nexercise: give formulas for the following compounds (refer to periodic table only).\ncesium phosphide __________ calcium iodide __________ barium fluoride __________\nmagnesium nitride __________ aluminum bromide __________ sodium selenide __________

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Recall metal - ion charges

Metals in Group 1 have a +1 charge, Group 2 have a +2 charge, and Group 13 have a +3 charge. Barium is in Group 2 so its ion is $Ba^{2 +}$, aluminum in Group 13 so its ion is $Al^{3+}$, potassium in Group 1 so its ion is $K^{+}$, radium in Group 2 so its ion is $Ra^{2+}$.

Step2: Recall non - metal ion charges

Non - metals in Group 15 have a - 3 charge, Group 16 have a - 2 charge, and Group 17 have a - 1 charge. Bromide ($Br^{-}$) from Group 17, nitride ($N^{3 -}$) from Group 15, iodide ($I^{-}$) from Group 17, oxide ($O^{2 -}$) from Group 16, sulfide ($S^{2 -}$) from Group 16.

Step3: Name ionic compounds

For $NaF$, sodium is the metal and fluorine is the non - metal, so it is sodium fluoride. For $MgS$, magnesium is the metal and sulfur is the non - metal, so it is magnesium sulfide. For $SrI_{2}$, strontium is the metal and iodine is the non - metal, so it is strontium iodide. For $Ca_{3}N_{2}$, calcium is the metal and nitrogen is the non - metal, so it is calcium nitride. For $K_{2}O$, potassium is the metal and oxygen is the non - metal, so it is potassium oxide. For $Al_{2}O_{3}$, aluminum is the metal and oxygen is the non - metal, so it is aluminum oxide. For $Ba_{3}N_{2}$, barium is the metal and nitrogen is the non - metal, so it is barium nitride. For $Na_{3}P$, sodium is the metal and phosphorus is the non - metal, so it is sodium phosphide.

Step4: Write formulas for compounds

Cesium is in Group 1 with a +1 charge and phosphorus in Group 15 with a - 3 charge, so cesium phosphide is $Cs_{3}P$. Calcium in Group 2 with a +2 charge and iodine in Group 17 with a - 1 charge, so calcium iodide is $CaI_{2}$. Barium in Group 2 with a +2 charge and fluorine in Group 17 with a - 1 charge, so barium fluoride is $BaF_{2}$. Magnesium in Group 2 with a +2 charge and nitrogen in Group 15 with a - 3 charge, so magnesium nitride is $Mg_{3}N_{2}$. Aluminum in Group 13 with a +3 charge and bromine in Group 17 with a - 1 charge, so aluminum bromide is $AlBr_{3}$. Sodium in Group 1 with a +1 charge and selenium in Group 16 with a - 2 charge, so sodium selenide is $Na_{2}Se$.

Answer:

barium ion: $Ba^{2+}$ aluminum ion: $Al^{3+}$ potassium ion: $K^{+}$ radium ion: $Ra^{2+}$ bromide: $Br^{-}$ nitride: $N^{3 -}$ iodide: $I^{-}$ oxide: $O^{2 -}$ sulfide: $S^{2 -}$ $NaF$: sodium fluoride $MgS$: magnesium sulfide $SrI_{2}$: strontium iodide $Ca_{3}N_{2}$: calcium nitride $K_{2}O$: potassium oxide $Al_{2}O_{3}$: aluminum oxide $Ba_{3}N_{2}$: barium nitride $Na_{3}P$: sodium phosphide cesium phosphide: $Cs_{3}P$ calcium iodide: $CaI_{2}$ barium fluoride: $BaF_{2}$ magnesium nitride: $Mg_{3}N_{2}$ aluminum bromide: $AlBr_{3}$ sodium selenide: $Na_{2}Se$