name: \nchemical bonds - ionic vs. covalent\ndirections: using the table below define each of the given bond…

name: \nchemical bonds - ionic vs. covalent\ndirections: using the table below define each of the given bond types. then work to identify the types of bonds in the given compounds.\n| bond type | definition |\n|--|--|--|--|\n| ionic | |\n| covalent (polar and non - polar) | |\n| metallic | |\n| compound | element #1 (m or nm) | element #2 (m or nm) | bond type |\n|--|--|--|--|\n| nacl | m | nm | ionic |\n| h₂o | | | |\n| ch₄ | | | |\n| caf₂ | | | |\n| nh₃ | | | |\n| ccl₄ | | | |\n| kbr | | | |\n| br₂ | | | |\n| alloy of cu and zn (brass) | | | |
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Recall bond - type rules
Ionic bonds form between a metal (M) and a non - metal (NM). Covalent bonds form between non - metals. Metallic bonds are in metals or metal alloys.
Step2: Analyze $H_2O$
Hydrogen ($H$) is a non - metal and oxygen ($O$) is a non - metal. So, the bond in $H_2O$ is covalent. Since oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, it is a polar covalent bond. Element #1 (H) is NM, Element #2 (O) is NM, Bond Type is Covalent (Polar).
Step3: Analyze $CH_4$
Carbon ($C$) and hydrogen ($H$) are non - metals. The bond in $CH_4$ is covalent. The electronegativity difference is small, so it is a non - polar covalent bond. Element #1 (C) is NM, Element #2 (H) is NM, Bond Type is Covalent (Non - Polar).
Step4: Analyze $CaF_2$
Calcium ($Ca$) is a metal and fluorine ($F$) is a non - metal. So, the bond in $CaF_2$ is ionic. Element #1 (Ca) is M, Element #2 (F) is NM, Bond Type is Ionic.
Step5: Analyze $NH_3$
Nitrogen ($N$) and hydrogen ($H$) are non - metals. Nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen, so the bond in $NH_3$ is a polar covalent bond. Element #1 (N) is NM, Element #2 (H) is NM, Bond Type is Covalent (Polar).
Step6: Analyze $CCl_4$
Carbon ($C$) and chlorine ($Cl$) are non - metals. The electronegativity difference leads to polar bonds, but due to the symmetrical structure, $CCl_4$ has non - polar covalent bonds overall. Element #1 (C) is NM, Element #2 (Cl) is NM, Bond Type is Covalent (Non - Polar).
Step7: Analyze $KBr$
Potassium ($K$) is a metal and bromine ($Br$) is a non - metal. So, the bond in $KBr$ is ionic. Element #1 (K) is M, Element #2 (Br) is NM, Bond Type is Ionic.
Step8: Analyze $Br_2$
Bromine ($Br$) is a non - metal. Two bromine atoms form a non - polar covalent bond. Element #1 (Br) is NM, Element #2 (Br) is NM, Bond Type is Covalent (Non - Polar).
Step9: Analyze Brass (Alloy of Cu and Zn)
Copper ($Cu$) and zinc ($Zn$) are metals. The bond in brass is metallic. Element #1 (Cu) is M, Element #2 (Zn) is M, Bond Type is Metallic.
Answer:
| Compound | Element #1 (M or NM) | Element #2 (M or NM) | Bond Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| $H_2O$ | NM | NM | Covalent (Polar) |
| $CH_4$ | NM | NM | Covalent (Non - Polar) |
| $CaF_2$ | M | NM | Ionic |
| $NH_3$ | NM | NM | Covalent (Polar) |
| $CCl_4$ | NM | NM | Covalent (Non - Polar) |
| $KBr$ | M | NM | Ionic |
| $Br_2$ | NM | NM | Covalent (Non - Polar) |
| Alloy of Cu and Zn (Brass) | M | M | Metallic |