name each of the three types of unsaturated hydrocarbons, summarize their structural differences, and give…

name each of the three types of unsaturated hydrocarbons, summarize their structural differences, and give an everyday source of each.

name each of the three types of unsaturated hydrocarbons, summarize their structural differences, and give an everyday source of each.

Answer

Brief Explanations:

  1. Alkenes: Contain at - least one carbon - carbon double bond ($C = C$). Structural difference is the presence of this double bond which restricts rotation around the bond. An everyday source is cooking oils like olive oil which contain unsaturated fatty - acid chains with double bonds.
  2. Alkynes: Have at least one carbon - carbon triple bond ($C\equiv C$). The triple bond is highly reactive and has a linear geometry around the bonded carbons. Acetylene, a common alkyne, is used in welding torches and can be produced from calcium carbide and water.
  3. Aromatic hydrocarbons: Have a cyclic, planar structure with a conjugated system of $\pi$ - electrons following Hückel's rule (4n + 2 $\pi$ - electrons, where n is an integer). Benzene is a simple aromatic hydrocarbon. Gasoline contains aromatic hydrocarbons which contribute to its energy - providing properties.

Answer:

  1. Alkenes: Contain $C = C$, source is cooking oils.
  2. Alkynes: Contain $C\equiv C$, source is acetylene in welding torches.
  3. Aromatic hydrocarbons: Cyclic with conjugated $\pi$ - electrons, source is gasoline.