6. new terms\n1) the rings in the bohr model are called ______ or energy levels.\n2) the number of shells an…

6. new terms\n1) the rings in the bohr model are called ______ or energy levels.\n2) the number of shells an element has can be found using the row number in the ______. the number of electron shell is the same as the period number for representative elements.\n3) all electrons not in the highest energy level are called ______ electrons.\n4) all electrons in the highest energy level or outermost electron shell are called ______ electrons.\n5) to find the number of core electrons:\n a. total electrons - valence electrons = ______\n b. total electrons - core electron = ______\n6) complete the periodic table below by filling in the number of valence electrons in each column.\n|1a|2a|d - block|3a|4a|5a|6a|7a|8a|\n|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|\n|1 valence electron|valence electron|d - block|valence electron|valence electron|valence electron|valence electron|valence electron|valence electron|\n7. practice finding the number of core electrons, valence electrons and number of energy level. use your periodic table to identify the # of core electrons, valence electrons\n| |lithium, ₃li|sodium, ₁₁na|oxygen, ₈o|neon, ₁₀ne|\n|----|----|----|----|----|\n|# core electrons| | | | |\n|# valence electron| | | | |\n|total # electron| | | | |
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Recall Bohr - model terms
In the Bohr Model, the "rings" are called electron shells or energy levels.
Step2: Determine shell - finding method
The number of shells an element has can be found using the row number in the periodic table.
Step3: Define electron types
Electrons not in the highest energy level are called core electrons. Electrons in the highest energy level or outermost electron shell are called valence electrons.
Step4: Calculate core electrons
To find the number of core electrons, we use the formula: Total electrons - valence electrons = core electrons. Also, Total electrons - core electrons = valence electrons.
Step5: Fill periodic - table valence - electron numbers
For group 1A, the number of valence electrons is 1; for group 2A, it is 2; for group 3A, it is 3; for group 4A, it is 4; for group 5A, it is 5; for group 6A, it is 6; for group 7A, it is 7; for group 8A, it is 8. For the d - block elements, the number of valence electrons can vary but is generally 2 (with some exceptions due to involvement of d - electrons in bonding).
Step6: Find electron numbers for given elements
- Lithium ($Li$): Atomic number = 3. Total electrons = 3. It is in group 1A, so valence electrons = 1. Core electrons = 3 - 1=2.
- Sodium ($Na$): Atomic number = 11. Total electrons = 11. It is in group 1A, so valence electrons = 1. Core electrons = 11 - 1 = 10.
- Oxygen ($O$): Atomic number = 8. Total electrons = 8. It is in group 6A, so valence electrons = 6. Core electrons = 8 - 6 = 2.
- Neon ($Ne$): Atomic number = 10. Total electrons = 10. It is in group 8A, so valence electrons = 8. Core electrons = 10 - 8 = 2.
Answer:
- Electron Shells
- Periodic Table
- Core
- Valence
- a. Core electrons; b. Valence electrons
- 1A: 1; 2A: 2; d - block: 2 (general); 3A: 3; 4A: 4; 5A: 5; 6A: 6; 7A: 7; 8A: 8
| Element | # core electrons | # valence electrons | Total # electrons |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lithium ($Li$) | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Sodium ($Na$) | 10 | 1 | 11 |
| Oxygen ($O$) | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| Neon ($Ne$) | 2 | 8 | 10 |