part b: thinking and inquiry\n1. a) write the full and condensed electron configuration for one of the…

part b: thinking and inquiry\n1. a) write the full and condensed electron configuration for one of the following: sc, ga or ge. i chose scandium (sc) full electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹ condensed electron configuration: (ar) 4s² 3d¹ so, sc has 21 electrons. when i arrange them well in the shells and subshells, the last part becomes 4s¹ 3d¹. i know this is correct because the total adds to 21, and also because the 4s gets filled before 3d. that is why the answer is written that way.\nb) what charge would you expect on your chosen element’s ion? explain/show why in terms of electrons lost or gained.

part b: thinking and inquiry\n1. a) write the full and condensed electron configuration for one of the following: sc, ga or ge. i chose scandium (sc) full electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹ condensed electron configuration: (ar) 4s² 3d¹ so, sc has 21 electrons. when i arrange them well in the shells and subshells, the last part becomes 4s¹ 3d¹. i know this is correct because the total adds to 21, and also because the 4s gets filled before 3d. that is why the answer is written that way.\nb) what charge would you expect on your chosen element’s ion? explain/show why in terms of electrons lost or gained.

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze Sc's electron configuration

Sc has a full - electron configuration of $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{1}$ and a condensed - electron configuration of $[Ar]4s^{2}3d^{1}$. Metals tend to lose electrons to achieve a stable noble - gas electron configuration.

Step2: Determine electrons lost

Sc will lose its outermost electrons. The outermost electrons are in the $4s$ and $3d$ orbitals. Sc loses the two $4s$ electrons and the one $3d$ electron to achieve the stable electron configuration of argon. In total, it loses 3 electrons.

Step3: Calculate ion charge

When an atom loses electrons, it forms a positively - charged ion. Since Sc loses 3 electrons, the charge on the Sc ion is + 3.

Answer:

The expected charge on the Scandium ion ($Sc^{3 + }$) is + 3 because Scandium loses three electrons (two from the $4s$ orbital and one from the $3d$ orbital) to achieve a stable noble - gas electron configuration (the electron configuration of argon).