practice: classification\npart 1: classify the following as a substance (s) or a mixture (m).\n____1. table…

practice: classification\npart 1: classify the following as a substance (s) or a mixture (m).\n____1. table salt (nacl) ____2. trail mix ____3. sugar\n____4. copper ____5. cereal ____6. concrete\npart 2: classify the following substances as elements (e) or compounds (c).\n____7. mercury ____8. water ____9. carbon dioxide\n____10. iron ____11. aluminum ____12. oxygen (o₂)\npart 3: classify the following mixtures as homogeneous (ho) or heterogeneous (he).\n____13. coffee ____14. pizza ____15. sand\n____16. saltwater ____17. bronze ____18. milk\n____19. paint ____20. air ____21. soil\npart 4: classify the following as an element (e), compound (c), homogeneous mixture (ho) or heterogeneous mixture (he).\n____22. calcium ____23. hydrogen (h₂) ____24. orange juice with pulp\n____25. baking soda (nahco₃) ____26. helium ____27. limestone (caco₃)\n____28. salad dressing ____29. vinegar (ch₃cooh)\npart 5: each of the following circles represents an atom. if two atoms are touching than they are bonded together. knowing this, classify each picture as one of the following:\na = element\nb = compound\nc = mixture of elements\nd = mixture of compounds\ne = mixture of elements and compounds
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Recall definitions
A substance has a fixed - composition, while a mixture has a variable composition. An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom, and a compound is a pure substance made of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded. A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout, and a heterogeneous mixture has a non - uniform composition.
Step2: Classify Part 1
- Table salt (NaCl) is a substance (S) as it has a fixed chemical formula.
- Trail mix is a mixture (M) as it contains different components like nuts, raisins etc.
- Sugar is a substance (S) as it is a pure compound.
- Copper is a substance (S) as it is an element.
- Cereal is a mixture (M) as it contains different grains, flakes etc.
- Concrete is a mixture (M) as it is made of cement, sand, gravel etc.
Step3: Classify Part 2
- Mercury is an element (E) as it is made of only mercury atoms.
- Water is a compound (C) as it is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms chemically bonded ($H_2O$).
- Carbon dioxide is a compound (C) as it is made of carbon and oxygen atoms chemically bonded ($CO_2$).
- Iron is an element (E) as it is made of only iron atoms.
- Aluminum is an element (E) as it is made of only aluminum atoms.
- Oxygen ($O_2$) is an element (E) as it is made of only oxygen atoms.
Step4: Classify Part 3
- Coffee is a homogeneous mixture (HO) as it has a uniform composition when well - mixed.
- Pizza is a heterogeneous mixture (HE) as it has different components like cheese, sauce, toppings etc. with non - uniform distribution.
- Sand is a heterogeneous mixture (HE) as it contains different sized particles and may have different minerals.
- Saltwater is a homogeneous mixture (HO) as the salt is uniformly dissolved in water.
- Bronze is a homogeneous mixture (HO) as it is an alloy with a relatively uniform composition.
- Milk is a homogeneous mixture (HO) when well - mixed (although it is a colloid).
- Paint is a homogeneous mixture (HO) as it has a uniform composition.
- Air is a homogeneous mixture (HO) as it has a relatively uniform composition of nitrogen, oxygen etc.
- Soil is a heterogeneous mixture (HE) as it contains different components like minerals, organic matter etc. non - uniformly.
Step5: Classify Part 4
- Calcium is an element (E).
- Hydrogen ($H_2$) is an element (E).
- Orange juice with pulp is a heterogeneous mixture (HE) due to the presence of pulp.
- Baking soda ($NaHCO_3$) is a compound (C).
- Helium is an element (E).
- Limestone ($CaCO_3$) is a compound (C).
- Salad dressing is a heterogeneous mixture (HE) as it may separate into layers.
- Vinegar ($CH_3COOH$) is a compound (C).
Step6: Classify Part 5
- Mixture of compounds (D) as there are different types of compounds present.
- Compound (B) as all the molecules are the same type of compound.
- Element (A) as all the atoms are of the same type.
- Element (A) as all the molecules are made of the same type of atom.
- Compound (B) as all the molecules are the same type of compound.
- Mixture of elements and compounds (E) as there are both single - atom elements and compounds present.
Answer:
- S
- M
- S
- S
- M
- M
- E
- C
- C
- E
- E
- E
- HO
- HE
- HE
- HO
- HO
- HO
- HO
- HO
- HE
- E
- E
- HE
- C
- E
- C
- HE
- C
- D
- B
- A
- A
- B
- E