practice\nfor each of the following, show compound formation (bonding) using lewis dot diagrams, give the…

Explanation:

Potassium and Fluorine

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Potassium (K) has 1 valence - electron and Fluorine (F) has 7 valence - electrons. K loses its 1 valence electron to achieve a stable octet (like argon), and F gains that 1 electron to achieve a stable octet (like neon). K: $K\cdot$; F: $\ddot{F}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$K\cdot+\cdot\ddot{F}\rightarrow K^++[\ddot{F}:]^-$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is KF, and the name is potassium fluoride.

Beryllium and Chlorine

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Beryllium (Be) has 2 valence - electrons and Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence - electrons. Be loses its 2 valence electrons to achieve a stable configuration (like helium), and each Cl gains 1 electron. Be: $\cdot Be\cdot$; Cl: $\ddot{Cl}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$\cdot Be\cdot + 2\cdot\ddot{Cl}\rightarrow Be^{2 +}+2[\ddot{Cl}:]^-$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is $BeCl_2$, and the name is beryllium chloride.

Magnesium and Fluorine

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Magnesium (Mg) has 2 valence - electrons and Fluorine (F) has 7 valence - electrons. Mg loses its 2 valence electrons to achieve a stable octet (like neon), and each F gains 1 electron. Mg: $\cdot Mg\cdot$; F: $\ddot{F}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$\cdot Mg\cdot+2\cdot\ddot{F}\rightarrow Mg^{2 +}+2[\ddot{F}:]^-$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is $MgF_2$, and the name is magnesium fluoride.

Aluminum and Oxygen

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Aluminum (Al) has 3 valence - electrons and Oxygen (O) has 6 valence - electrons. Al loses 3 electrons to achieve a stable octet (like neon), and each O gains 2 electrons. Al: $\cdot Al\cdot$; O: $\ddot{O}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$2\cdot Al\cdot + 3\cdot\ddot{O}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}+3[\ddot{O}:]^{2 -}$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is $Al_2O_3$, and the name is aluminum oxide.

Sodium and Chlorine

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Sodium (Na) has 1 valence - electron and Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence - electrons. Na loses its 1 valence electron to achieve a stable octet (like neon), and Cl gains that 1 electron to achieve a stable octet (like argon). Na: $Na\cdot$; Cl: $\ddot{Cl}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$Na\cdot+\cdot\ddot{Cl}\rightarrow Na^++[\ddot{Cl}:]^-$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is NaCl, and the name is sodium chloride.

Magnesium and Oxygen

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Magnesium (Mg) has 2 valence - electrons and Oxygen (O) has 6 valence - electrons. Mg loses its 2 valence electrons to achieve a stable octet (like neon), and O gains 2 electrons. Mg: $\cdot Mg\cdot$; O: $\ddot{O}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$\cdot Mg\cdot+\cdot\ddot{O}\rightarrow Mg^{2 +}+[\ddot{O}:]^{2 -}$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is MgO, and the name is magnesium oxide.

Answer:

Pair of Elements	Lewis Dot Diagram (Electron - Transfer)	Chemical Formula	Name of Compound
Potassium and Fluorine	$K\cdot+\cdot\ddot{F}\rightarrow K^++[\ddot{F}:]^-$	KF	Potassium fluoride
Beryllium and Chlorine	$\cdot Be\cdot + 2\cdot\ddot{Cl}\rightarrow Be^{2 +}+2[\ddot{Cl}:]^-$	$BeCl_2$	Beryllium chloride
Magnesium and Fluorine	$\cdot Mg\cdot+2\cdot\ddot{F}\rightarrow Mg^{2 +}+2[\ddot{F}:]^-$	$MgF_2$	Magnesium fluoride
Aluminum and Oxygen	$2\cdot Al\cdot + 3\cdot\ddot{O}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}+3[\ddot{O}:]^{2 -}$	$Al_2O_3$	Aluminum oxide
Sodium and Chlorine	$Na\cdot+\cdot\ddot{Cl}\rightarrow Na^++[\ddot{Cl}:]^-$	NaCl	Sodium chloride
Magnesium and Oxygen	$\cdot Mg\cdot+\cdot\ddot{O}\rightarrow Mg^{2 +}+[\ddot{O}:]^{2 -}$	MgO	Magnesium oxide