practice: predicting products of chemical reactions\nuse your knowledge of the types of chemical reactions…

practice: predicting products of chemical reactions\nuse your knowledge of the types of chemical reactions and of how to form compounds to complete each\nbelow. after, balance the equation, if needed. show all work for balancing on a separate sheet of paper.\nuse coefficients in the blanks provided. you can leave coefficients of 1 blank.\npart 1: synthesis reactions\n1. ____ na + ____ o₂ →\n2. ____ mg + ____ f₂ →\n3. ____ na + ____ cl₂ →\n4. ____ al + ____ s →\n5. ____ ca + ____ p →\npart 2: decomposition reactions (since oxygen is always o₂ on its own, and metals tend to stand alone.)\n6. ____ hgo →\n7. ____ al₂o₃ →\npart 3: single replacement reactions (since like elements always switch.)\n8. ____ al + ____ niso₄ →\n9. ____ f₂ + ____ nacl →\npart 4: double replacement reactions\n10. ____ koh + ____ nacl →\n11. ____ bacl₂ + ____ na₃po₄ →\n12. ____ agno₃ + ____ cacl₂ →\npart 5: combustion reactions\n13. ____ ch₄ + ____ o₂ →\n14. ____ c₂h₂ + ____ o₂ →\n15. ____ c₇h₁₆ + ____ o₂ →

practice: predicting products of chemical reactions\nuse your knowledge of the types of chemical reactions and of how to form compounds to complete each\nbelow. after, balance the equation, if needed. show all work for balancing on a separate sheet of paper.\nuse coefficients in the blanks provided. you can leave coefficients of 1 blank.\npart 1: synthesis reactions\n1. ____ na + ____ o₂ →\n2. ____ mg + ____ f₂ →\n3. ____ na + ____ cl₂ →\n4. ____ al + ____ s →\n5. ____ ca + ____ p →\npart 2: decomposition reactions (since oxygen is always o₂ on its own, and metals tend to stand alone.)\n6. ____ hgo →\n7. ____ al₂o₃ →\npart 3: single replacement reactions (since like elements always switch.)\n8. ____ al + ____ niso₄ →\n9. ____ f₂ + ____ nacl →\npart 4: double replacement reactions\n10. ____ koh + ____ nacl →\n11. ____ bacl₂ + ____ na₃po₄ →\n12. ____ agno₃ + ____ cacl₂ →\npart 5: combustion reactions\n13. ____ ch₄ + ____ o₂ →\n14. ____ c₂h₂ + ____ o₂ →\n15. ____ c₇h₁₆ + ____ o₂ →

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Identify synthesis reaction rules

In synthesis reactions, two or more elements combine to form a compound. For metal - non - metal combinations, we use the oxidation states of the elements to predict the product.

  1. (4Na+O_2\rightarrow 2Na_2O) (Sodium has an oxidation state of + 1 and oxygen has an oxidation state of - 2 in the compound).
  2. (Mg + F_2\rightarrow MgF_2) (Magnesium has an oxidation state of + 2 and fluorine has an oxidation state of - 1).
  3. (2Na+Cl_2\rightarrow 2NaCl) (Sodium has an oxidation state of + 1 and chlorine has an oxidation state of - 1).
  4. (2Al + 3S\rightarrow Al_2S_3) (Aluminum has an oxidation state of + 3 and sulfur has an oxidation state of - 2).
  5. (3Ca+2P\rightarrow Ca_3P_2) (Calcium has an oxidation state of + 2 and phosphorus has an oxidation state of - 3).

Step2: Identify decomposition reaction rules

Decomposition reactions break a compound into its elements or simpler compounds. 6. (2HgO\rightarrow 2Hg + O_2) 7. (2Al_2O_3\rightarrow 4Al+3O_2)

Step3: Identify single - replacement reaction rules

In single - replacement reactions, a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in a compound. 8. (2Al + 3NiSO_4\rightarrow Al_2(SO_4)_3+3Ni) (Aluminum is more reactive than nickel). 9. (F_2 + 2NaCl\rightarrow 2NaF+Cl_2) (Fluorine is more reactive than chlorine).

Step4: Identify double - replacement reaction rules

In double - replacement reactions, the positive and negative ions of two ionic compounds exchange places. 10. (KOH+NaCl\rightarrow No\ reaction) (Because no precipitate, gas or water is formed). 11. (3BaCl_2 + 2Na_3PO_4\rightarrow Ba_3(PO_4)_2\downarrow+6NaCl) (Barium phosphate is insoluble). 12. (2AgNO_3+CaCl_2\rightarrow 2AgCl\downarrow + Ca(NO_3)_2) (Silver chloride is insoluble).

Step5: Identify combustion reaction rules

Hydrocarbon combustion reactions produce carbon dioxide and water. 13. (CH_4 + 2O_2\rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O) 14. (2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow 4CO_2 + 2H_2O) 15. (2C_7H_{16}+21O_2\rightarrow 14CO_2+16H_2O)

Answer:

  1. (4Na+O_2\rightarrow 2Na_2O)
  2. (Mg + F_2\rightarrow MgF_2)
  3. (2Na+Cl_2\rightarrow 2NaCl)
  4. (2Al + 3S\rightarrow Al_2S_3)
  5. (3Ca+2P\rightarrow Ca_3P_2)
  6. (2HgO\rightarrow 2Hg + O_2)
  7. (2Al_2O_3\rightarrow 4Al+3O_2)
  8. (2Al + 3NiSO_4\rightarrow Al_2(SO_4)_3+3Ni)
  9. (F_2 + 2NaCl\rightarrow 2NaF+Cl_2)
  10. (KOH+NaCl\rightarrow No\ reaction)
  11. (3BaCl_2 + 2Na_3PO_4\rightarrow Ba_3(PO_4)_2\downarrow+6NaCl)
  12. (2AgNO_3+CaCl_2\rightarrow 2AgCl\downarrow + Ca(NO_3)_2)
  13. (CH_4 + 2O_2\rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O)
  14. (2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow 4CO_2 + 2H_2O)
  15. (2C_7H_{16}+21O_2\rightarrow 14CO_2+16H_2O)