what is the predicted order of first ionization energies from highest to lowest for aluminum, phosphorus…

what is the predicted order of first ionization energies from highest to lowest for aluminum, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur?\no al > p > si > s\no al > si > p > s\no s > p > si > al\no p > s > si > al\ndone

what is the predicted order of first ionization energies from highest to lowest for aluminum, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur?\no al > p > si > s\no al > si > p > s\no s > p > si > al\no p > s > si > al\ndone

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Recall ionization - energy trend

Ionization energy generally increases across a period from left - to - right due to increasing nuclear charge and decreasing atomic radius. However, there are some exceptions.

Step2: Analyze electron configurations

Aluminum (Al) has an electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p¹. Silicon (Si) has [Ne]3s²3p². Phosphorus (P) has [Ne]3s²3p³. Sulfur (S) has [Ne]3s²3p⁴.

Step3: Consider exceptions

The 3p³ configuration of P is half - filled and more stable, so it has a higher ionization energy than S despite the general trend.

Step4: Determine order

The order of first ionization energies from highest to lowest is P > S > Si > Al.

Answer:

P > S > Si > Al