question draw the lewis structure for the molecule ch2o. use the periodic table to determine the valence…

question draw the lewis structure for the molecule ch2o. use the periodic table to determine the valence electrons of each element.

question draw the lewis structure for the molecule ch2o. use the periodic table to determine the valence electrons of each element.

Answer

Answer:

  1. Determine the valence - electrons of each atom:
    • Carbon (C) is in Group 4A of the periodic table, so it has 4 valence electrons.
    • Hydrogen (H) is in Group 1A, and each H atom has 1 valence electron. There are 2 H atoms, so a total of 2×1 = 2 valence electrons from hydrogen.
    • Oxygen (O) is in Group 6A, so it has 6 valence electrons.
    • The total number of valence electrons for (CH_2O) is (4 + 2+6=12) valence electrons.
  2. Arrange the atoms:
    • The central atom is carbon since hydrogen can only form one bond. Place the carbon atom in the center, with the two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom around it.
  3. Connect the atoms with single bonds:
    • Connect C - H and C - O with single bonds. Each single bond uses 2 electrons. So far, we have used (2\times C - H+1\times C - O=2\times2 + 2=6) electrons.
  4. Distribute the remaining electrons:
    • We started with 12 valence electrons and have used 6, so there are (12 - 6 = 6) electrons left.
    • Place these 6 electrons as lone - pairs on the oxygen atom to complete its octet. But carbon still does not have an octet.
  5. Form a double bond:
    • Move one of the lone - pairs from the oxygen atom to form a C = O double bond. Now, carbon has 8 electrons (4 from single bonds and 4 from the double bond), oxygen has 8 electrons (4 from the double bond and 4 as lone - pairs), and each hydrogen has 2 electrons.

The Lewis structure of (CH_2O) has a carbon atom in the center with two single bonds to hydrogen atoms and a double bond to an oxygen atom. The oxygen atom also has two lone - pairs of electrons.

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate total valence electrons

Carbon has 4, 2 H have 2, O has 6, total = 4 + 2+6 = 12.

Step2: Select central atom

Carbon is central as H can only form 1 bond.

Step3: Form single bonds

Connect C - H and C - O, use 6 electrons.

Step4: Distribute remaining electrons

6 electrons left, place on O as lone - pairs.

Step5: Complete octets

Move lone - pair from O to form C = O double bond.