select the correct answer. which of these pairs of elements have the same number of valence electrons? a…

select the correct answer. which of these pairs of elements have the same number of valence electrons? a. phosphorus (p) and chlorine (cl) b. berylium (be) and calcium (ca) c. chlorine (cl) and helium (he) d. oxygen (o) and carbon (c)
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Determine valence - electrons of P
Phosphorus (P) is in group 15. It has 5 valence electrons.
Step2: Determine valence - electrons of Cl
Chlorine (Cl) is in group 17. It has 7 valence electrons. So, A is incorrect.
Step3: Determine valence - electrons of Be
Beryllium (Be) is in group 2. It has 2 valence electrons.
Step4: Determine valence - electrons of Ca
Calcium (Ca) is in group 2. It has 2 valence electrons. So, B is correct.
Step5: Determine valence - electrons of Cl
Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons.
Step6: Determine valence - electrons of He
Helium (He) is a noble gas with 2 valence electrons (it has a full outer - shell with 2 electrons). So, C is incorrect.
Step7: Determine valence - electrons of O
Oxygen (O) is in group 16. It has 6 valence electrons.
Step8: Determine valence - electrons of C
Carbon (C) is in group 14. It has 4 valence electrons. So, D is incorrect.
Answer:
B. beryllium (Be) and calcium (Ca)