select all the correct answers.\nthe electron configurations of some elements are given. based on the…

select all the correct answers.\nthe electron configurations of some elements are given. based on the electron configurations, which elements can likely form ions with multiple charges?\n□ zinc ar 3d^{10} 4s^{2}\n□ iron ar 3d^{6} 4s^{2}\n□ sodium ne 3s^{1}\n□ cobalt ar 3d^{7} 4s^{2}\n□ silver kr 4d^{10} 5s^{1}
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Recall ion - formation rules for transition metals
Transition metals can form ions with multiple charges due to the involvement of electrons from the (d) - subshell in addition to the outer - shell (s) electrons.
Step2: Analyze zinc
Zinc ([Ar]3d^{10}4s^{2}) usually forms a (+ 2) ion by losing the two (4s) electrons. It has a full (3d) sub - shell and is less likely to form multiple - charged ions.
Step3: Analyze iron
Iron ([Ar]3d^{6}4s^{2}) can lose the two (4s) electrons to form (Fe^{2 +}), and can also lose one more electron from the (3d) sub - shell to form (Fe^{3+}). So it can form ions with multiple charges.
Step4: Analyze sodium
Sodium ([Ne]3s^{1}) is a main - group metal and usually loses its one (3s) electron to form (Na^{+}). It does not form multiple - charged ions.
Step5: Analyze cobalt
Cobalt ([Ar]3d^{7}4s^{2}) can lose the two (4s) electrons to form (Co^{2+}), and can also lose one more electron from the (3d) sub - shell to form (Co^{3+}). So it can form ions with multiple charges.
Step6: Analyze silver
Silver ([Kr]4d^{10}5s^{1}) usually loses its (5s) electron to form (Ag^{+}), but can also form (Ag^{2+}) in some cases by losing an electron from the (4d) sub - shell. So it can form ions with multiple charges.
Answer:
iron ([Ar]3d^{6}4s^{2}), cobalt ([Ar]3d^{7}4s^{2}), silver ([Kr]4d^{10}5s^{1})