1. here are three isotopes of an element: (_{6}^{12}c) (_{6}^{13}c) (_{6}^{14}c) a. the element is: ________…

1. here are three isotopes of an element: (_{6}^{12}c) (_{6}^{13}c) (_{6}^{14}c) a. the element is: ________ b. the number 6 refers to the ________ c. the numbers 12, 13, and 14 refer to the ________ d. how many protons and neutrons are in the first isotope? ________ e. how many protons and neutrons are in the second isotope? ________ f. how many protons and neutrons are in the third isotope? ________ 2. complete the following chart: | isotope name | atomic # | mass # | # of protons | # of neutrons | # of electrons | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | uranium - 235 | | | | | | | chlorine - 35 | | | | | | | calcium - 48 | | | | | | | strontium - 90 | | | | | | | bismuth - 209 | | | | | | | boron - 11 | | | | | | | | | | 22 | 22 | | | | | | 30 | 26 | | | | 15 | 32 | | | | | | | | 34 | 45 | | | | 208 | | | 127 | | | | | | 146 | 94 | |
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Identify the element
The symbol C represents carbon. Answer for 1a: Carbon
Step2: Define the number 6
The number 6 is the atomic number, which is the number of protons in an atom. Answer for 1b: Atomic number
Step3: Define 12, 13, 14
These are the mass - numbers. The mass - number is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom. Answer for 1c: Mass numbers
Step4: Calculate protons and neutrons for (_{6}^{12}C)
The atomic number is 6, so the number of protons is 6. The mass - number is 12, so the number of neutrons is (12 - 6=6). Answer for 1d: 6 protons and 6 neutrons
Step5: Calculate protons and neutrons for (_{6}^{13}C)
The number of protons is 6 (from the atomic number). The number of neutrons is (13 - 6 = 7). Answer for 1e: 6 protons and 7 neutrons
Step6: Calculate protons and neutrons for (_{6}^{14}C)
The number of protons is 6. The number of neutrons is (14 - 6=8). Answer for 1f: 6 protons and 8 neutrons
For the table:
- Uranium - 235:
- Atomic number of uranium (U) is 92. Mass number is 235. Number of protons = 92, number of neutrons (=235 - 92 = 143), number of electrons (in neutral atom) = 92.
- Chlorine - 35:
- Atomic number of chlorine (Cl) is 17. Mass number is 35. Number of protons = 17, number of neutrons (=35 - 17 = 18), number of electrons = 17.
- Calcium - 48:
- Atomic number of calcium (Ca) is 20. Mass number is 48. Number of protons = 20, number of neutrons (=48 - 20 = 28), number of electrons = 20.
- Strontium - 90:
- Atomic number of strontium (Sr) is 38. Mass number is 90. Number of protons = 38, number of neutrons (=90 - 38 = 52), number of electrons = 38.
- Bismuth - 209:
- Atomic number of bismuth (Bi) is 83. Mass number is 209. Number of protons = 83, number of neutrons (=209 - 83 = 126), number of electrons = 83.
- Boron - 11:
- Atomic number of boron (B) is 5. Mass number is 11. Number of protons = 5, number of neutrons (=11 - 5 = 6), number of electrons = 5.
| Isotope name | atomic # | mass # | # of protons | # of neutrons | # of electrons |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium - 235 | 92 | 235 | 92 | 143 | 92 |
| Chlorine - 35 | 17 | 35 | 17 | 18 | 17 |
| Calcium - 48 | 20 | 48 | 20 | 28 | 20 |
| Strontium - 90 | 38 | 90 | 38 | 52 | 38 |
| Bismuth - 209 | 83 | 209 | 83 | 126 | 83 |
| Boron - 11 | 5 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 5 |