3. what do you think adding water (dilution) ...

# Brief Explanations: When water is added to an acidic or basic liquid, it dilutes the concentration of hydrogen ions (\(H^{+}\)) in an acid or hydroxide ions (\(OH^{-}\)) in a base. For an acid, the formula for pH is \(pH = -\log[H^{+}]\). As \([H^{+}]\) decreases (due to dilution), the pH value increases (moving towards 7, making it less acidic). For a base, the pOH is related to \([OH^{-}]\) by \(pOH=-\log[OH^{-}]\), and pH = 14 - pOH. As \([OH^{-}]\) decreases (due to dilution), pOH increases, and pH decreases (moving towards 7, making it less basic). # Answer: Adding water (dilution) makes an acidic liquid less acidic (pH increases towards 7) and a basic liquid less basic (pH decreases towards 7). This is because dilution lowers the concentration of \(H^{+}\) (in acid) or \(OH^{-}\) (in base), and pH (related to \(H^{+}\) concentration) or pOH and then pH (for bases) change accordingly.