calvin deposits $400 in a savings account that accrues 5% interest compounded monthly. after c years, calvin…

Explanation:

Step1: Use compound - interest formula for Calvin

The compound - interest formula is $A = P(1+\frac{r}{n})^{nt}$, where $A$ is the final amount, $P$ is the principal amount, $r$ is the annual interest rate (in decimal), $n$ is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and $t$ is the number of years. For Calvin, $P = 400$, $r=0.05$, $n = 12$, and $A = 658.80$. So, $658.80=400(1 +\frac{0.05}{12})^{12c}$. First, divide both sides by 400: $\frac{658.80}{400}=(1+\frac{0.05}{12})^{12c}$, $1.647=(1+\frac{0.05}{12})^{12c}$. Take the natural logarithm of both sides: $\ln(1.647)=12c\ln(1+\frac{0.05}{12})$. Since $1+\frac{0.05}{12}\approx1 + 0.004167=1.004167$, $\ln(1.004167)\approx0.00416$, and $\ln(1.647)\approx0.498$. Then $0.498 = 12c\times0.00416$, $12c=\frac{0.498}{0.00416}\approx120$, $c = 10$ years.

Step2: Use compound - interest formula for Makayla

For Makayla, $P = 300$, $r = 0.06$, $n=4$, and $A = 613.04$. So, $613.04=300(1+\frac{0.06}{4})^{4m}$. Divide both sides by 300: $\frac{613.04}{300}=(1+\frac{0.06}{4})^{4m}$, $2.04347=(1 + 0.015)^{4m}$, $2.04347=(1.015)^{4m}$. Take the natural logarithm of both sides: $\ln(2.04347)=4m\ln(1.015)$. Since $\ln(1.015)\approx0.0149$, $\ln(2.04347)\approx0.714$. Then $4m=\frac{0.714}{0.0149}\approx48$, $m = 12$ years.

Step3: Calculate the difference in years

The difference in the number of years is $m - c=12 - 10 = 2$ years. Makayla invests her money 2 years longer.

Answer:

Makayla invests her money 2 years longer.