altering photographs was part of joseph stalins effort to\n○ promote democracy.\n○ censor the communist…

Brief Explanations:

Stalin altered photographs to remove or change the appearance of individuals who had fallen out of favor or to create a false narrative, effectively changing historical facts as presented in visual records. He did not do this to promote democracy, censor the Communist Party in that sense, or specifically persecute visual - artists as the main goal.

Answer:

change historical facts.