the ideas of the social gospel movement led directly to\n○ the temperance movement.\n○ social darwinism.\n○…

Brief Explanations:

The Social Gospel movement focused on applying Christian ethics to social problems. It led to the creation of urban charity - based organizations to help the poor and marginalized in cities. The temperance movement was more about restricting alcohol use and not a direct result. Social Darwinism was a different ideology about survival of the fittest. Government reform was not a direct and immediate outcome compared to urban charity organizations.

Answer:

urban charity organizations.