directions: after reading the article on roman architecture answer the following questions. 1. how did roman…

directions: after reading the article on roman architecture answer the following questions. 1. how did roman architecture differed from traditional persians, egyptians, greeks and etruscans monumental architecture? (answer must be at least 2 - 3 complete sentences.) 2. what was the name of the volcanic stone native to italy used by the romans before concrete was used on the building scene? 3. why did romans begin to utilize travertine in the late 2nd century b.c.e.? 4. mortar was a combination of sand, lime and water used as a bonding agent in ashlar masonry (a type of construction that mostly uses rectangular blocks of stone). it was very common in the ancient world. what was the major contribution the romans made to the mortar recipe, and how did it improve building? (answer must be at least 2 - 3 complete sentences.) 5. the romans exploited the opportunities afforded to architects by the innovation of the true arch (as opposed to a corbeled arch where stones are laid so that they move slightly in toward the center as they move higher). explain the function of the true arch.

directions: after reading the article on roman architecture answer the following questions. 1. how did roman architecture differed from traditional persians, egyptians, greeks and etruscans monumental architecture? (answer must be at least 2 - 3 complete sentences.) 2. what was the name of the volcanic stone native to italy used by the romans before concrete was used on the building scene? 3. why did romans begin to utilize travertine in the late 2nd century b.c.e.? 4. mortar was a combination of sand, lime and water used as a bonding agent in ashlar masonry (a type of construction that mostly uses rectangular blocks of stone). it was very common in the ancient world. what was the major contribution the romans made to the mortar recipe, and how did it improve building? (answer must be at least 2 - 3 complete sentences.) 5. the romans exploited the opportunities afforded to architects by the innovation of the true arch (as opposed to a corbeled arch where stones are laid so that they move slightly in toward the center as they move higher). explain the function of the true arch.

Answer

Brief Explanations:

  1. Roman architecture utilized concrete (opus caementicium), allowing for more creative designs and the construction of vaults and domes. True arches were also a key innovation, enabling longer - spanning structures compared to traditional post - lintel systems used by Persians, Egyptians, Greeks, and Etruscans.
  2. The volcanic stone native to Italy used by the Romans before concrete was "pozzolana".
  3. Travertine was likely utilized in the late 2nd century B.C.E. for its aesthetic qualities and durability, contributing to the grandeur of Roman buildings.
  4. The Romans added pozzolana to the mortar recipe. This made the mortar incredibly strong and durable, and also gave it the ability to set underwater, improving the stability and longevity of buildings.
  5. In a true arch, weight is transferred from one voussoir to the next, from the top of the arch to the ground, creating a sturdy building tool that can span greater distances than a simple post - and - lintel system.

Answer:

  1. Roman architecture differed in its use of concrete (opus caementicium) which enabled more creative designs and construction of vaults and domes. True arches were also an innovation, allowing for longer - spanning structures than traditional post - lintel systems.
  2. Pozzolana
  3. For its aesthetic and durability qualities to contribute to building grandeur.
  4. The Romans added pozzolana to the mortar. It made the mortar stronger, more durable, and able to set underwater, enhancing building stability and longevity.
  5. In a true arch, weight is transferred from one voussoir to the next, from top to ground, creating a sturdy structure that can span greater distances than post - and - lintel systems.