5. use the data in the table to calculate the density of each unknown substance, then use the density chart…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall density formula

The formula for density is $\rho=\frac{m}{V}$, where $\rho$ is density, $m$ is mass and $V$ is volume.

Step2: Calculate density for first row

For mass $m = 171$ g and volume $V=15$ $cm^{3}$, $\rho=\frac{171}{15}=11.4$ $g/cm^{3}$. Comparing with the density - chart, the substance is Lead.

Step3: Calculate density for second row

For mass $m = 108$ g and volume $V = 40$ $cm^{3}$, $\rho=\frac{108}{40}=2.7$ $g/cm^{3}$. Comparing with the density - chart, the substance is Aluminum.

Step4: Calculate density for third row

For mass $m = 475$ g and volume $V = 250$ $cm^{3}$, $\rho=\frac{475}{250}=1.9$ $g/cm^{3}$. Comparing with the density - chart, the substance is Bone.

Step5: Calculate density for fourth row

For mass $m = 680$ g and volume $V = 1000$ $cm^{3}$, $\rho=\frac{680}{1000}=0.68$ $g/cm^{3}$. Comparing with the density - chart, the substance is Gasoline.

Answer:

Mass (g)	Volume ($cm^{3}$)	Density ($g/cm^{3}$)	Substance
171	15	11.4	Lead
108	40	2.7	Aluminum
475	250	1.9	Bone
680	1000	0.68	Gasoline