to estimate the proportion of city residents ...

to estimate the proportion of city residents who shop online, a researcher visits a mall on a weekday morning and asks people she encounters to share their experiences with online shopping, including this question: do you shop online at least once each week? the results show that 32% of shoppers shop online at least once per week. which of these describes a likely source of bias present in the survey results?\nresponse bias may be present because people may not be truthful with their responses.\nquestion wording bias may be present because the question asked may exclude important information.\nnonresponse bias may be present because people in a mall may not want to answer questions.\nundercoverage bias may be present because people in the workforce and many younger people could be excluded.

Answer

# Brief Explanations: The researcher surveyed people at a mall on a weekday morning. This means that people who are at work (a large portion of the population) and younger people who may not be at the mall during that time are likely not included in the sample. This is a form of under - coverage bias as the sample does not represent the entire population of city residents. # Answer: Undercoverage bias may be present because people in the workforce and many younger people could be excluded.