Question

1. osteoclasts =

part f - joints
match the joint type to its description:
a. fibrous
b. cartilaginous
c. synovial
___ immovable (example: skull sutures)
___ slightly moveable (example: intervertebral discs)
___ freely moveable, most common
part g - synovial joints

1. shoulder and hip (move in all planes) → _______________.
2. elbow and knee (flexion/extension) → _______________.
3. thumb joint (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction) → _______________.
4. wrist & knuckles (two degrees of motion) → _______________.
5. radioulnar joint & atlantoaxial joint (rotation) → _______________.

part h - short answer

1. why is water content (25 - 30%) important for bones?
2. explain the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton.

Explanation:

• For the joint - type matching in Part F: Fibrous joints are immovable like skull sutures. Cartilaginous joints are slightly moveable such as intervertebral discs. Synovial joints are freely moveable and the most common type.
• For the synovial - joint identification in Part G: Shoulder and hip are ball - and - socket joints allowing movement in all planes. Elbow and knee are hinge joints allowing flexion and extension. Thumb joint is a saddle joint allowing multiple types of movement. Wrist and knuckles are condyloid joints allowing two degrees of motion. Radioulnar and atlantoaxial joints are pivot joints allowing rotation.
• For the short - answer in Part H: Water content in bones (25 - 30%) is important for shock absorption, nutrient transport, and maintaining bone's flexibility. The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, providing protection for vital organs. The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the limbs and girdles, enabling movement.

Answer:

• Part F:
• Immovable (example: skull sutures): a. Fibrous
• Slightly moveable (example: intervertebral discs): b. Cartilaginous
• Freely moveable, most common: c. Synovial
• Part G:
• 12. Shoulder and hip (move in all planes) → Ball - and - socket joint
• 13. Elbow and knee (flexion/extension) → Hinge joint
• 14. Thumb joint (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction) → Saddle joint
• 15. Wrist & knuckles (two degrees of motion) → Condyloid joint
• 16. Radioulnar joint & atlantoaxial joint (rotation) → Pivot joint
• Part H:
• 17. Water content (25 - 30%) in bones is important for shock absorption, facilitating nutrient and waste transport, and maintaining bone flexibility.
• 18. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, protecting vital organs. The appendicular skeleton consists of limb and girdle bones, enabling movement.