Question

1. which characteristic typical of monocots is shown below? a. double cotyledon b. flower parts in multiples of three c. fruit parts in multiples of three d. vascular bundles arranged in a ring e. leaf veins are parallel 11 which is not a characteristic of mammals? a. they have mammary glands b. they have hair c. they have a four - chambered heart d. they are ectothermic e. they have a highly developed brain answer the questions below. 12. what does binomial nomenclature mean and what are its component parts? give an example. 13. distinguish between anatomy and physiology. which is used in helping to classify organisms? 14. the number of kingdoms recognized by taxonomists increased through the 20th century. what is the most recent kingdom to be recognized, and what domain is it in? 15. what is resilience? 16. distinguish a virus from a cell by referring to their covering, organelles, and relative size. 17. summarize the process of me thanogenesis. 18. which thought to have appeared first, sexual life cycles or multicellularity? which organisms in the fossil record appear to be the oldest examples of having both? 19. plants have stems, roots, and leaves. identify similar structures in brown algae. 20. compare the non - vascular bryophytes and the seedless vascular plants with respect to the gametophyte stage and the sporophyte stage. 21. identify a single - celled fungus that reproduces asexually by budding. 22. distinguish among asymmetry, bilateral symmetry, and radial symmetry. for each, give an example of an organism with this characteristic. 23. explain the relationships among temperature, global climate change, and the possible extinction of the tuatara. thinking and investigation 24. choose an animal that is of particular interest to you and research its classification. list its taxa for all eight ranks. 25. predict what would happen to an ecosystem if all the bacteria in it were destroyed by a virus. 26. there are currently three domains. if you were a taxonomist and you thought it was more appropriate to have two domains, how would you re - organize the current scheme of three domains and six kingdoms so that there were only two domains? 27. how would the discovery of sexual reproduction and the structures associated with it affect the classification of a species of imperfect fungi? 28. some of the characteristics of living organisms include that they are made of one or more cells, they exhibit structural organization, and they grow, develop, and reproduce. living organisms also require energy, respond to stimuli, and maintain homeostasis (keep internal conditions stable). as well, living organisms exhibit adaptations that have evolved over time. a. using this list, design an experiment in which you could test which characteristics a virus displays. b. how might the results help you answer the question of whether a virus is a living organism? 29. suppose you discovered a new species of protist. which characteristics would you examine to help classify it as plant - like, animal - like, or fungus - like? 30. each of the influenza illnesses shown in the table below were caused by a virus. flu epidemics of the twentieth century spanish flu asian flu hong kong flu years 1918 - 1919 1957 - 1958 1968 - 1969 global deaths 20 - 40 million 1 million 1 - 4 million a. which epidemic was the most deadly? propose some reasons why this flu was the deadliest. b. hypothesize why a flu epidemic eventually ends instead of eliminating all human life.

Answer:

1. e. leaf veins are parallel
2. d. they are ectothermic
3. Binomial nomenclature is a two - part naming system. Components are genus and species. Example: Homo sapiens.
4. Anatomy is structure, physiology is function. Anatomy is used for classification.
5. Kingdom Archaea, Domain Archaea
6. The ability of an ecosystem to recover after a disturbance.
7. Viruses have protein - coat/envelope, no organelles, are smaller than cells.
8. Production of methane gas by certain archaea.
9. Asexual life cycles likely appeared first. Oldest fossil organisms are single - celled prokaryotes.
10. Brown algae have stipes (like stems), holdfasts (like roots), blades (like leaves).
11. Non - vascular bryophytes have dominant gametophyte, seedless vascular plants have dominant sporophyte.
12. Yeast
13. Asymmetry: no symmetry (e.g., some sponges). Bilateral: two mirror - image halves (e.g., humans). Radial: similar parts around central axis (e.g., jellyfish).
14. Rising temperatures from global climate change can cause tuatara extinction due to habitat loss and environmental changes.
15. Example for dog: Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, Order Carnivora, Family Canidae, Genus Canis, Species Canis lupus familiaris
16. Decomposition would slow, nutrient cycling disrupted, ecosystem could collapse.
17. Put Archaea and Bacteria in Prokaryota domain, eukaryotes in Eukaryota domain and re - arrange kingdoms accordingly.
18. It would change their classification as they were thought to be asexual.
19. a. Expose to stimuli, test for cells/organelles, growth/reproduction. b. If no response, no cells/organelles, can't reproduce alone, may not be living.
20. Examine cell - wall composition, mode of nutrition, body structure.
21. a. Spanish Flu. Reasons: high transmissibility, lack of immunity, post - WWI conditions. b. Herd immunity, virus virulence change, public - health measures.