Question

1. identify the following as examples of newton’s 1st, 2nd or 3rd law of motion

a. a ball rolling on the floor would continue rolling forever if there was no friction.
b. a balloon is blown up but not tied and the air is let out quickly. the air rushes out and the balloon goes up.
c. a driver of a car slams on breaks at a red light and the passenger hits his/her head on the windshield because he/she was not wearing a seat belt.
d. a driver turns a corner quickly and the passenger gets pressed against his/her door.
e. you step off a boat onto a dock and the boat moves out into the water.
f. a magician pulls a tablecloth out from under dishes on a table without disrupting them.
g. a person is thrown out of a car as the car rounds a curve on the highway.
h. a teenager can throw a football farther than his little brother because he uses more force.
i. acceleration will increase with an increase in applied force.
j. an airplane takes off and you feel pushed back into your seat.
k. an object will continue to do whatever it has been doing until it is “forced” to move in a different way.
l
m. pushing a young child on a swing is easier than pushing an adult on the same swing.
n. rockets are launched into space with jet propulsion.
o. two students are in a baseball game. the first student hits the ball very hard and has greater acceleration than the second student that bunts the same ball lightly and has less acceleration.
p. when a ball is thrown against a wall, the ball exerts a force on the wall and the wall exerts an equal force on the ball but in an opposite direction.

Explanation:

Newton's first law (Law of Inertia) states an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an un - balanced force. Newton's second law is $F = ma$ (force equals mass times acceleration). Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. We identify each example based on these laws.

• A: First law. The ball keeps rolling due to inertia.
• B: Third law. Air pushing out is action, balloon moving up is reaction.
• C: First law. Passenger moves forward due to inertia when car stops.
• D: First law. Passenger's inertia causes them to be pressed against the door.
• E: Third law. Your step onto dock is action, boat moving out is reaction.
• F: First law. Dishes stay due to inertia when table - cloth is pulled.
• G: First law. Person thrown out due to inertia as car turns.
• H: Second law. More force gives more acceleration.
• I: Second law. Force and acceleration are directly related.
• J: Second law. Acceleration of plane causes you to be pushed back.
• K: First law. Definition of inertia.
• L: Second law. Less mass (child) needs less force for same acceleration.
• M: Second law. More mass (adult) needs more force for same acceleration.
• N: Third law. Gas pushing out is action, rocket moving up is reaction.
• O: Second law. More force, more acceleration.
• P: Third law. Ball exerts force on wall, wall exerts equal and opposite force on ball.

Answer:

A. Newton's 1st Law
B. Newton's 3rd Law
C. Newton's 1st Law
D. Newton's 1st Law
E. Newton's 3rd Law
F. Newton's 1st Law
G. Newton's 1st Law
H. Newton's 2nd Law
I. Newton's 2nd Law
J. Newton's 2nd Law
K. Newton's 1st Law
L. Newton's 2nd Law
M. Newton's 2nd Law
N. Newton's 3rd Law
O. Newton's 2nd Law
P. Newton's 3rd Law